Tensile growth stress and lignin distribution in the cell walls of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)

Yoshida, Masato; Ohta, Haruki; Okuyama, Takashi

doi:10.1007/bf00767285

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The present results are consistent with the recent suggestion based on results of UV microspectroscopy (Yoshida et al 2002) that the G-layer of tension wood fibres contains lignin deposits. Scurfield (1971) had already suggested that a slight lignification was occurring in the G-layer.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 96%

“…Recent results obtained by UV microspectrometry show the presence of lignin in the G-layers of fibres in the transitional region between normal wood and tension wood and also in intense tension wood regions of black locust, Robinia pseudoacacia, wood (Yoshida et al 2002). These observations prompt us to report our results of the presence of lignin in the G-layer of poplar wood (Imai et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…All these early investigations of the composition of the G-layer have concluded that it was primarily constituted of cellulose (Norberg and Meyer 1966) and was totally free of lignin deposition (Wada et al 1995;Donaldson 2001). Tensile growth stress that seems to be generated in the G-layer of tension wood (Yamamoto et al 1993) could be explained by the contraction of cellulose microfibrils parallel to the fibre axis (Yamamoto 1998;Yoshida et al 2002). However, the absence of lignin in tension wood is somewhat surprising since in other types of reaction wood correlation was established between the released strain and lignin (Baille`res et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Detection in situ and characterization of lignin in the G -layer of tension wood fibres of Populus deltoides

Joseleau

Imai

Kuroda

et al. 2004

Planta

135

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The occurrence of lignin in the additional gelatinous (G-) layer that differentiates in the secondary wall of hardwoods during tension wood formation has long been debated. In the present work, the ultrastructural distribution of lignin in the cell walls of normal and tension wood fibres from poplar (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marshall) was investigated by transmission electron microscopy using cryo-fixation-freeze-substitution in association with immunogold probes directed against typical structural motifs of lignin. The specificity of the immunological probes for condensed and non-condensed guaiacyl and syringyl interunit linkages of lignin, and their high sensitivity, allowed detection of lignin epitopes of definite chemical structures in the G-layer of tension wood fibres. Semi-quantitative distribution of the corresponding epitopes revealed the abundance of syringyl units in the G-layer. Predominating non-condensed lignin sub-structures appeared to be embedded in the crystalline cellulose matrix prevailing in the G-layer. The endwise mode of polymerization that is known to lead to these types of lignin structures appears consistent with such an organized cellulose environment. Immunochemical labelling provides the first visualization in planta of lignin structures within the G-layer of tension wood. The patterns of distribution of syringyl epitopes indicate that syringyl lignin is deposited more intensely in the later phase of fibre secondary wall assembly. The data also illustrate that syringyl lignin synthesis in tension wood fibres is under specific spatial and temporal regulation targeted differentially throughout cell wall layers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Detection in situ and characterization of lignin in the G -layer of tension wood fibres of Populus deltoides

Joseleau

Imai

Kuroda

et al. 2004

Planta

135

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“…A group of UV studies have concerned tension wood in various hardwood species (Lehringer et al 2008;Ruelle et al 2007;Yoshida et al 2002;Yoshizawa et al 2000) and have shown a decrease in absorbance around 280 nm corresponding to a decrease in lignin content (G units). One study has taken a more intervening experimental approach to UV studies of tension wood (Yoshida et al 2005) by inducing extra gravity to growing secondary xylem of Prunus jamasakura.…”

Section: Uv-vis Spectra Of Lignin and Other Ring Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microspectroscopy as applied to the study of wood molecular structure

Fackler

Thygesen

2012

Wood Sci Technol

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Microspectroscopy gives access to spatially resolved information on the molecular structure and chemical composition of a material. For a highly heterogeneous and anisotropic material like wood, such information is essential when assessing structure/property relationships such as moisture-induced dimensional changes, decay resistance or mechanical properties. It is, however, important to choose the right technique for the purpose at hand and to apply it in a suitable way if any new insights are to be gained. This review presents and compares three different microspectroscopic techniques: infrared, Raman and ultraviolet. Issues such as sample preparation, spatial resolution, data acquisition and extraction of knowledge from the spectral data are discussed. Additionally, an overview of applications in wood science is given for each method. Lastly, current trends and challenges within microspectroscopy of wood are discussed.

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“…The chemical composition of the G-layer is characterized by high cellulose and low lignin content, which is mainly formed by syringyl units and an increased syringyl/guiacyl (S/G) ratio (Sarkanen and Hergert 1971, Baba et al 1996, Aoyama et al 2001, Yoshida et al 2002. Less information has been reported on hemicellulose content and composition for both tension or opposite wood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Differences in Anatomical and Chemical Characteristics of Tension and Opposite Wood of 8-Year Old Eucalyptus Globulus

Aguayo

Quintupill

Castillo

et al. 2010

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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Tension and opposite wood, divided in the corresponding heartwood and sapwood regions, from 8-year old Eucalyptus globulus trees were characterized for chemical composition and fibre anatomy in the transverse section in order to identify the main differences. Thicker and poorly lignified cell walls were found in tension wood. Cellulose content was similar for both woods, although tension wood contained 30% higher xylose and 15% less lignin than opposite wood. Lignin of tension wood contained 24% more syringyl units and a higher frequency of β-O-4 linkages. Principal component analysis (PCA) performed separately with anatomical and chemical data showed a clear separation between tension and opposite wood. The principal characteristics used for separation were: cell wall thickness, vessel diameter, lumen diameter, lignin and xylose content, and amount of syringyl units.

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Tensile growth stress and lignin distribution in the cell walls of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)

Cited by 41 publications

References 19 publications

Detection in situ and characterization of lignin in the G -layer of tension wood fibres of Populus deltoides

Detection in situ and characterization of lignin in the G -layer of tension wood fibres of Populus deltoides

Microspectroscopy as applied to the study of wood molecular structure

Determination of Differences in Anatomical and Chemical Characteristics of Tension and Opposite Wood of 8-Year Old Eucalyptus Globulus

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