Tensile, impact, and mode-I behaviour of glass fiber-reinforced polymer composite modified by graphene nanoplatelets

Vigneshwaran, G. V.; Shanmugavel, Balasivanandha Prabu; Paskaramoorthy, R.; Harish, Sivasankaran

doi:10.1007/s43452-020-00099-x

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In Figure 3 , damage on the laminates’ top (impacted side) and bottom surfaces can be found. The damaged areas of all samples were marked and may be characterized with a good agreement with Barley Visible Impact Damage (BVID) modes [ 42 ]. According to ASTM D7136M–12 standard, all composites revealed “Combined Large Cracks with Fiber Breakage, Indentation/Puncture” damage mode.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Manufacture Process on Mechanical Properties and Burning Behavior of Epoxy-Based Hybrid Composites

et al. 2022

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The production of hybrid layered composites allows comprehensive modification of their properties and adaptation to the final expectations. Different methods, such as hand lay-up, vacuum bagging, and resin infusion were applied to manufacture the hybrid composites. In turn, fabrics used for manufacturing composites were made of glass (G), aramid (A), carbon (C), basalt (B), and flax (F) fibers. Flexural, puncture impact behavior, and cone calorimetry tests were applied to establish the effect of the manufacturing method and the fabrics layout on the mechanical and fire behavior of epoxy-based laminates. The lowest flammability and smoke emission were noted for composites made by vacuum bagging (approximately 40% lower values of total smoke release compared with composites made by the hand lay-up method). It was demonstrated that multi-layer hybrid composites made by vacuum bagging might enhance the fire safety levels and simultaneously maintain high mechanical properties designed for, e.g., the railway and automotive industries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Manufacture Process on Mechanical Properties and Burning Behavior of Epoxy-Based Hybrid Composites

et al. 2022

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“…The composite also exhibited 87% less surface damage area. Impregnation of the mat with GnP improved the adhesion of the fibers to the matrix [ 44 ].…”

Section: Hybrid Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Polymer Composites Used in the Arms Industry: A Review

et al. 2021

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Polymer fiber composites are increasingly being used in many industries, including the defense industry. However, for protective applications, in addition to high specific strength and stiffness, polymer composites are also required to have a high energy absorption capacity. To improve the performance of fiber-reinforced composites, many researchers have modified them using multiple methods, such as the introduction of nanofillers into the polymer matrix, the modification of fibers with nanofillers, the impregnation of fabrics using a shear thickening fluid (STF) or a shear thickening gel (STG), or a combination of these techniques. In addition, the physical structures of composites have been modified through reinforcement hybridization; the appropriate design of roving, weave, and cross-orientation of fabric layers; and the development of 3D structures. This review focuses on the effects of modifying composites on their impact energy absorption capacity and other mechanical properties. It highlights the technologies used and their effectiveness for the three main fiber types: glass, carbon, and aramid. In addition, basic design considerations related to fabric selection and orientation are indicated. Evaluation of the literature data showed that the highest energy absorption capacities are obtained by using an STF or STG and an appropriate fiber reinforcement structure, while modifications using nanomaterials allow other strength parameters to be improved, such as flexural strength, tensile strength, or shear strength.

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“…It is observed from previous studies that by adding the nano-fillers into the matrix material of the composites, a great enhancement in the mechanical properties of the material can be achieved. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The review articles 3,11 suggest that GNPs can be a great alternative to Carbon Nano Tubes (CNTs) in terms of performance and cost. Graphene nanoplatelets have emerged as a promising reinforcement for glass fiber-reinforced composites due to their exceptional mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can lead to increased resistance to impact and fracture. Vigneshwaran et al 4 investigated the mechanical properties of GFRP composites modified with graphene nanoplatelets integrated into both the fiber surface and epoxy matrix. The fabrication involved a hand layup technique followed by hot compression molding, ensuring a homogeneous dispersion of GNPs through mechanical mixing and ultra-sonication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of graphene nano-platelets on the low-velocity-impact and compression-after-impact strength of the glass fiber epoxy composite laminates

Anuse,

Velmurugan

et al. 2024

Journal of Composite Materials

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Detecting the low-velocity impact damage on the FRP composite structures can be challenging because the visible signs on the surface may be subtle. Mitigating the effects of BVID (Barely Visible Impact Damage) is crucial in ensuring the safety and reliability of composite components, especially in industries where these materials are commonly used, such as aerospace and automotive. This article explores the experimental investigations of the impact and post-impact damage propagation under compression in the Graphene Nano-Platelets (GNPs) infused glass fiber epoxy composite laminates. A comparative study of varying the percentage of the nano-platelets (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75%) in the matrix material of the composite laminate is presented. The impact tests at low energies (15 J, 20 J, and 25 J), followed by the quasi-static compression tests, are carried out as per the procedures mentioned in the ASTM D7136/D7137. The digital image correlation technique (DIC) is used to measure strains and plot the strain field on the impacted face of the specimen under compression. Damage envelopes of the impact and compression tests are studied using X-ray CT scans. Micro-level failures are observed through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to get better insights into the failure mechanism of the composite materials under impact and compression loadings. Upon completing the study, it is found that the addition of the GNP into the matrix materials not only increased the impact performance but also increased the load-carrying capacity of the laminate under compressive loading. A decrement of 2–21% in the energy absorbed in the damage formation is seen with the incorporation of GNPs into composite materials. A maximum increment of 17% in the compressive strength is observed for the composite laminates with the 0.75% GNPs. However, for a particular percentage of the GNP, the compressive strength of the laminate is reduced with an increase in impact energy compared with its virgin counterpart. From X-ray CT scans, it is seen that the laminate under the compression tests fails due to excessive ply-splitting and the delamination at the damage site created during the impact. Fiber breakage, fiber brooming, matrix cracking, fiber-matrix debonding, etc., are some of the other failure modes observed in SEM studies.

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Tensile, impact, and mode-I behaviour of glass fiber-reinforced polymer composite modified by graphene nanoplatelets

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

The Effect of Manufacture Process on Mechanical Properties and Burning Behavior of Epoxy-Based Hybrid Composites

The Effect of Manufacture Process on Mechanical Properties and Burning Behavior of Epoxy-Based Hybrid Composites

Hybrid Polymer Composites Used in the Arms Industry: A Review

Effect of graphene nano-platelets on the low-velocity-impact and compression-after-impact strength of the glass fiber epoxy composite laminates

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