Tensile properties of Nickel epoxy nanocomposites prepared by combination ultrasonication and shear mixing methods

Fractographic Analysis of Tensile Failures of Zirconia Epoxy Nanocomposites

“…3a and 3b. This behavior can occur in high volume percentages, where the low free volume between epoxy chains cause crowd ZrO 2 nanoparticles around polymer chains and consequently pressing them 11 . This action leads to the appearance of the high strength modulus behavior in epoxy nanocomposites, that means the increase all mechanical properties of the new nanocomposites.…”

“…ZrO 2 nanoparticles were exposed for thermal at 100 o C for 30 minutes to ensure the discard of mostly of H 2 O molecules that were absorbed by ZrO 2 . First step, mixing ZrO 2 nanoparticles with epoxy resin by using a shearing mixer for 4 minutes to give good distribution but without having good dispersion of ZrO 2 nanoparticles inside the resin matrix, this step leads to reduce the time for using the ultrasonic homogenizer, where the high temperature accompanying using ultrasonic homogenizer device may reduce the time of gel epoxy making hard to mold the epoxy nanocomposite 11,15 . The second step, using a homogenizer (Soniprep 150 MSE, ultrasonic) for 4 minutes to reach the best dispersion of ZrO 2 nanoparticles inside the resin matrix which is the most important condition for the theory of reinforcing of epoxy nanocomposites (15).…”

“…Significant improvement in the properties of composites of epoxy resin is ascribed to the type of interaction force between the epoxy resin and nanophase regions 10 . The reinforcement efficiency in nanocomposites is strongly dependent on; particle size (particle diameter), dispersion of nanoparticles in the resin matrix, and volume fraction of nanoparticles in the resin matrix 11 . Increase use of epoxy nanocomposites is accompanied by failures, which are certainly occurring.…”

Application of rheology as a tool to estimate the mixing quality of elastomeric nanocomposites and comparing with small-angle X-ray scattering microstructural study

“…18 Mixing method, 19 mixing capacity, 20 mixing energy, 21 the order of mixing of raw materials, 22 extruder screw type in melt mixing, 23 and type and shape of blades in solution mixing [24][25][26][27] have a direct effect on the dispersion and distribution of nanoparticles. The capacity of mixing depends on the properties of pure polymeric materials such as surface tension and rheological properties, [28][29][30] particle properties such as structure, cohesion, shape, size and particle size distribution, 25,29,31,32 process conditions such as shear rate, temperature and mixing time, 28,[33][34][35][36] and the formulations of materials such as interfacial tension of filler and matrix, additives, coupling agents, particle surface modification operations and relative amount of used materials. 20,[37][38][39][40] In fact, increasing the rate of dispersion and distribution of nanoparticles in the polymer substrate increases the available surface area of nanoparticles and the amount of polymer chains whose motion is slowed down by nanoparticles.…”