Tensile Strength of Whiskers

Brenner, S.S.

doi:10.1063/1.1722294

Cited by 514 publications

(242 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…27 Our results corroborate atomistic simulations of five-fold twinned NWs, where yielding occurs as partial dislocations nucleate from surfaces. 14,28 While the weakest-link type of models is conventionally applied to brittle fracture, they could play an important role in the yielding at small scales, indeed as applied to metal whiskers by Brenner 29 and recently to nanopillars 30 and NWs. 31 The increased sensitivity to temperature and strain rate (related to the dislocation nucleation from surfaces) might account for the large data scatter in our yield strain as observed here.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size effects on elasticity, yielding, and fracture of silver nanowires:In situexperiments

et al. 2012

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This paper reports the first quantitative measurement of a full spectrum of mechanical properties of five-fold twinned silver (Ag) nanowires (NWs) including Young's modulus, yield strength and ultimate tensile strength. In situ tensile testing of Ag NWs with diameters between 34 and 130 nm was carried out inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Young's modulus, yield strength and ultimate tensile strength all increased as the NW diameter decreased. The maximum yield strength in our tests was found to be 2.64 GPa, which is about 50 times the bulk value and close to the theoretical value of Ag in the <110> orientation. The size effect in the yield strength is attributed to the increase in the Young's modulus. Yield strain scales reasonably well with the NW surface area, which reveals that yielding of Ag NWs is due to dislocation nucleation from surface sources. Pronounced strain hardening was observed for most NWs in our study. The strain hardening, which has not previously been reported for NWs, is mainly attributed to the presence of internal twin boundaries. KEYWORDSfive-fold twin, size effect, Young's modulus, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, strain hardening

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size effects on elasticity, yielding, and fracture of silver nanowires:In situexperiments

et al. 2012

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“…Few alternate fabrication techniques, which do not rely on FIB, have also been used to produce nano-and micronsized samples. Interestingly, these samples show yield stresses near theoretical strength with no size effects, contrary to pillars produced by FIB [12,28,29]. Attainment of such high strengths has been attributed to the pristine initial microstructure in these pillars, i.e., no initial dislocations [28].…”

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confidence: 94%

Microstructure versus Size: Mechanical Properties of Electroplated Single Crystalline Cu Nanopillars

2010

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We report results of uniaxial compression experiments on single-crystalline Cu nanopillars with nonzero initial dislocation densities produced without focused ion beam (FIB). Remarkably, we find the same power-law size-driven strengthening as FIB-fabricated face-centered cubic micropillars. TEM analysis reveals that initial dislocation density in our FIB-less pillars and those produced by FIB are on the order of 10 14 m À2 suggesting that mechanical response of nanoscale crystals is a stronger function of initial microstructure than of size regardless of fabrication method.

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“…Hence, the theoretical tensile strength, corresponding to the fracture of an ideal, defect free crystal, has rarely been attained. The only materials in which it was approached in the past are whiskers of very pure metals and silicon [1][2][3][4][5] that are practically dislocation free. However, recent developments in material engineering, such as the production of defect-free thin films and the advancement of various nanostructured materials, have stimulated interest in studies of the ideal strength which in these materials may control both the onset of fracture and the dislocation nucleation, as demonstrated by nanoindentation experiments ͑see e. g., Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ab initiostudy of the ideal tensile strength and mechanical stability of transition-metal disilicides

2003

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The ideal tensile test in transition metal disilicides MoSi 2 and WSi 2 with a C11 b structure is simulated by ab initio electronic structure calculations using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method. The theoretical tensile strength for [001] loading is determined for both disilicides and compared with that of other materials. A full relaxation of all external and one internal structural parameter is performed, and the influence of each relaxation process on energetics and strength of materials studied is investigated. Differences in the behavior of various interatomic bonds including tension-compression asymmetry are analyzed and their origin in connection with the changes of the internal structural parameter is traced. For comparison, the response of bonds in MoSi and CoSi with B2 structure to the [001] loading is also studied. The ideal tensile test in transition metal disilicides MoSi 2 and WSi 2 with a C11 b structure is simulated by ab initio electronic structure calculations using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method. The theoretical tensile strength for ͓001͔ loading is determined for both disilicides and compared with that of other materials. A full relaxation of all external and one internal structural parameter is performed, and the influence of each relaxation process on energetics and strength of materials studied is investigated. Differences in the behavior of various interatomic bonds including tension-compression asymmetry are analyzed and their origin in connection with the changes of the internal structural parameter is traced. For comparison, the response of bonds in MoSi and CoSi with B2 structure to the ͓001͔ loading is also studied.

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Tensile Strength of Whiskers

Cited by 514 publications

References 13 publications

Size effects on elasticity, yielding, and fracture of silver nanowires:In situexperiments

Size effects on elasticity, yielding, and fracture of silver nanowires:In situexperiments

Microstructure versus Size: Mechanical Properties of Electroplated Single Crystalline Cu Nanopillars

Ab initiostudy of the ideal tensile strength and mechanical stability of transition-metal disilicides

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