Tension Analysis of Submarine Cables during Laying Operations

Abstract

This paper presents a semi-analytical approximation for a two-dimensional (2D) tension analysis of submarine cables during laying operations. In the analysis, based on geometric compatibility relations and equilibrium equations, a set of non-linear differential equations are obtained. The present model considers effects of ocean currents, cable ship motion, pay-out rate, water depth and material properties on submarine cable behavior in water, which are crucial during laying operations. As shown in numerical examples, with consideration of currents and cable ship motion, the cable tension appears to be smaller and cable configuration curve tends to be fatter than the conventional catenary theory.

An Analysis Tool for the Installation of Submarine Cables in an S-Lay Configuration Including “In and Out of Water” Cable Segments

“…Prpic J. and Nabergoj R. [12,13] presented a two-dimensional model of cable dynamics accounting for the effects of head sea conditions. Yang N. et al [14] presented a semi- As it can be realized, accurate prediction of the bottom tension during the S-lay installation of a submarine cable is of great interest to marine civil engineering research since this parameter is very crucial for both the installation and operation of the cable lifetime. Based on different assumptions, numerous theories have been developed for the static and dynamic response of a submarine cable during a laying operation.…”

“…Prpic J. and Nabergoj R. [12,13] presented a two-dimensional model of cable dynamics accounting for the effects of head sea conditions. Yang N. et al [14] presented a semi-analytical approximation for a two-dimensional tension analysis of a submarine cable during laying operations, obtaining a set of differential equations to simulate the problem. In summary, all the aforementioned models have completely ignored the influence of the "out of water" cable segment, which significantly affects the cable configuration during laying operations, especially in shallow-water areas.…”

“…where R is the radius of curvature between two consecutive nodes. The actual safety factor (SF) during a submarine cable laying operation is given by the following Equation (14). The safety factor is the ratio of the minimum actual radius of curvature between two consecutive nodes along the S-curve configuration, as per Equation (13.2), to the minimum allowable bending radius recommended by the cable manufacturer (Table 1).…”

“…minR (Equation (13.2)) minimum allowable bending radius ( Table 1) . (14) The basic assumptions regarding the components and the boundary conditions of the proposed model are as follows:…”

A Numerical Study: Transitional Hydrodynamic Behaviour of a Moored Barge in Different Ultra-shallow Water Depths of Malaysia

“…The numerical modeling used Weggels Formula and Newmark Beta Method. The authors in another study [14], studied the submarine cable behavior in water during laying operations through a semi-analytical approach. A Higher-Order Boundary Element method (HOBEM) was explained in another research study [15,16], which was used for the computation of the second-order mean wave forces and moments on the ISSC TLP for three different (stationary, freely floating, and tendon-attached) conditions.…”