Tensor Analytical Evaluation of the Effects of a Skeletonized Activator in the Treatment of Class II, Division 1 Patients

Abstract

Prior to treatment the participants suffering from Class II, Division 1 malocclusion exhibited distinct growth deficits in vertical direction. In the control group, the principal direction of mean growth was found to be anterior-inferior. Under the influence of the activator, growth was found to develop in the same direction as in the controls, so that anterior positioning of the lower jaw and an increase in lower facial height were attained.

Oropharyngeal airway dimensions after treatment with functional appliances in class II retrognathic children

“… ANB ≥ 4·5 degrees in the cephalometry, with a clinically retrognathic mandible, determined by the patient standing in a natural head position, while looking at a distance with the visual axis parallel to the floor. Overjet of at least 5 mm. Mixed dentition. Good quality of cephalograms at the beginning and end of treatment (Frankfurt plane parallel to the floor, teeth in centric occlusion, easily recognised soft and hard tissue structures, X‐rays not taken during deglutition). Treatment with Klammt open activator (5) or Bionator (6). Achievement of permanent Angle class I molar relationship and reduction in overjet of at least 3 mm at the end of treatment. …”

“…The 50 cases were treated using a Klammt (5) activator ( n = 31) or a Bionator (6) ( n = 19). Construction bites in the edge‐to‐edge (18) position were taken.…”

Ultrastructural and biochemical changes of the medial pterygoid muscle induced by unilateral exodontia

“…In addition, muscular adaptation to adequate positioning seems to be relevant to the permanent correction of maxillomandibular malocclusion (Thuer et al, 1992) induced by adaptive processes in the neuromuscular masticatory system (Ingervall and Bitsanis, 1986). Nevertheless, controversial opinions still exist on specific roles of different muscular alterations appearing during treatment with functional orthodontic appliances (Eckardt et al, 2001). Unilateral occlusal alterations in animal experimental models have shown adaptation of the masseter muscle caused by unilateral exodontias (Maeda et al, 1990), by unilateral occlusal abrasion (Bani et al, 1999;Bani and Bergamini, 2002), or by insertion of an unilateral occlusal splint (Muller et al, 2000;Nishide et al, 2001).…”

Morphometric Analysis of Facial Profile in Adults

“…Morphometric methods such as tensor analysis [4,11], or Euclidean distance matrix analysis (EDMA) [16], are interesting alternatives. Most have been used to analyze lateral cephalograms.…”

“…die Tensoranalyse [4,11] oder Euclidean-Distance-Matrix-Analysen (EDMA) [16]. Sie wurden bisher meist zur Analyse von Fernröntgenseitenbildern (FRS) angewendet.…”