This study examines the influence of scholarly requirements on librar ians' ability to earn tenure or continuous employment. After a literature review, the authors present the results of a survey of research, doctoral, and master's-level institutions. Of the 690 responding institutions, 54.3 percent employ tenure-track librarians. Of these, more than 60 percent require some scholarship and 34.6 percent encourage it. At these 374 institutions, 92.2 percent of librarians who underwent tenure review dur ing a three-year period were approved. The authors summarize survey information on librarians not granted tenure as well as those believed by directors to have resigned to avoid tenure review.persistent concern in the faculty status movement has been whether tenure-track librarians will be able to establish records of research and publication that meet their institutions' overall promotion and tenure criteria. Many contend that requiring academic librarians to divert their energies from their daily duties to meet research expectations is inappropriate. This article does not examine this debate except as it affects consideration of the following question: Is there evidence that librarians with faculty status will be less likely to meet tenure requirements than other faculty?One of the most common objections to faculty status for librarians has been that the benefits are outweighed by the difficulties inherent in meeting tenure-track requirements. More specifically, many writers have expected that, for better or worse, librarians with faculty status typically will be required to meet the traditional faculty criterion of research and publication.