Tephra and debris layers in the Skelton Neve And Kempe Glacier, South Victoria Land, Antarctica

Keys, John; Anderton, P.W.; Kyle, Philip R.

doi:10.1080/00288306.1977.10420692

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The tephra layers in the Siple and Taylor cores could possibly be derived from sources in the Dry Valleys/Royal Society Range area, where many basanitic vents are located, or alternatively from a subantarctic volcanic center, such as the Balleny Islands, which have produced basanitic material, and which have erupted recently [ Wright and Kyle , 1990]. Geochemically, the mafic tephra in the Siple and Taylor ice cores are most similar to tephra reported by Keys et al [1977] thought to be derived from a cinder cone located between the Koettlitz Glacier and the Royal Society Range (Table 1). This cone is thought to have been active between 1000 and 10,000 years ago, although the age is poorly constrained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Tephra layers in the Siple Dome and Taylor Dome ice cores, Antarctica: Sources and correlations

2003

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[1] Volcanic ash, or tephra layers, are found in the Taylor Dome, Siple Dome A, and Siple Dome B ice cores. Significant shard concentrations are found at a number of depths in all three cores. Electron and ion microprobe analyses indicate that the geochemical composition of most layers is basaltic, basanitic, or trachytic, and the geochemical signatures of the layers suggest derivation from the Pleiades volcanic center, Mt. Melbourne volcano, or small mafic centers, probably in the Royal Society Range area. Presence of tephra layers suggests an episode of previously unrecognized Antarctic volcanic activity between 1776 and 1805 A.D., from at least two volcanic centers. A strong geochemical correlation (D = 3.49 and 3.97 with a value of 4 considered identical) is observed between tephra layers at depth of 79.2 m in the Taylor Dome ice core, and layers between 97.2 and 97.7 m depth in the Siple B core. This correlation, and the highly accurate depth-age scale of the Siple B core suggest that the age of this horizon in the Taylor Dome ice core presented by Steig et al. [1998aSteig et al. [ , 2000 should be revised downward, to the younger age of 675 ± 25 years before 1995. This revised chronology is consistent with vertical strain measurements presented by Hawley et al. [2003].

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Tephra layers in the Siple Dome and Taylor Dome ice cores, Antarctica: Sources and correlations

2003

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“…Young mafic volcanic outcrops are found on the eastern front of the Royal Society Range <150 km from Terra Nova [ Kyle , ; Wright and Kyle , ]. Other basanitic tephra in ice in Southern Victoria land are estimated to be <20 ka [ Keys et al ., ]. A few basaltic cones at Mount Morning are also <20 ka [ Paulsen and Wilson , ; Martin et al ., ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eruptive history and magmatic stability of Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Insights from englacial tephra

Iverson¹,

Kyle²,

Dunbar³

et al. 2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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A tephrostratigraphy of the active Antarctic Erebus volcano was determined from englacial tephra on the ice-covered flanks of Erebus and an adjacent volcano. The tephra are used to reconstruct the eruptive history and magmatic evolution of Erebus. More fine-grained and blocky particles define tephra formed in phreatomagmatic eruptions and larger fluidal shards are characteristic of magmatic eruptions and in some cases both eruptive types are identified in a single mixed tephra. The eruptions forming the mixed tephra likely started as phreatomagmatic eruptions which transitioned into Strombolian eruptions as the nonmagmatic water source was exhausted. We reconstructed the eruptive history of Erebus using the tephra layers stratigraphic position, 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages, shard morphology, and grain size. Major and trace element analyses of individual glass shards were measured by electron probe microanalysis and LA-ICP-MS. Trachybasalt, trachyte, and phonolite tephra were identified. All phonolitic tephra are Erebus-derived with compositions similar to volcanic bombs erupted from Erebus over the past 40 years. The tephra show that Erebus magma has not significantly changed for 40 ka. The uniformity of the glass chemical composition implies that the phonolite magma has crystallized in the same manner without change throughout the late Quaternary, suggesting long-term stability of the Erebus magmatic system. Trachyte and trachybasalt tephra were likely erupted from Marie Byrd Land and the McMurdo Sound area, respectively. The trachytic tephra can be regionally correlated and could provide an important time-stratigraphic marker in Antarctic ice cores.

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“…1) has been the site of intense and recurrent volcanic activity since 150 ka (LeMasurier and Thomson 1990;Kyle 1982;Armienti and Tripodo 1991;Perchiazzi et al 1999;Esser and Kyle 2002). This activity has produced abundant and widespread subaerial fallout deposits found in the region's outcrops and embedded in the ice sheets (Keys et al 1977;Perchiazzi et al 1999;Laurenzi et al 2003;Curzio et al 2008). Records of Late Pleistocene-Holocene subaerial volcanic activity in Victoria Land are also present in marine sediments from the Ross Sea, which contain several tephra layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Late Pleistocene-Holocene volcanic activity in northern Victoria Land recorded in Ross Sea (Antarctica) marine sediments

et al. 2015

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Eight pyroclastic fall deposits have been identified in cores of Late Pleistocene-Holocene marine sediments from the Ross Sea (Antarctica), and their components, granulometry and clast morphologies were analysed. Sedimentological, petrographic and geochemical analysis of clasts, with 40Ar-39Ar dating of alkali feldspar grains, indicate that during this period at least five explosive eruptions of mid to high intensity (plinian to subplinian) occurred, and that three of these eruptions took place from Mount Melbourne volcanic complex, between 137.1 ± 3.4 and 12 ka. Geochemical comparison of the studied tephra with micro and crypto-tephra recovered from deep Antarctic ice cores and from nearby englacial tephra at Frontier Mountain indicates that eruptive activity in the Melbourne Volcanic Province of northern Victoria Land was intense during the Late Pleistocene-Holocene, but only a general area of provenance for the majority of the identified tephra can be identified

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Tephra and debris layers in the Skelton Neve And Kempe Glacier, South Victoria Land, Antarctica

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Tephra layers in the Siple Dome and Taylor Dome ice cores, Antarctica: Sources and correlations

Tephra layers in the Siple Dome and Taylor Dome ice cores, Antarctica: Sources and correlations

Eruptive history and magmatic stability of Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Insights from englacial tephra

Late Pleistocene-Holocene volcanic activity in northern Victoria Land recorded in Ross Sea (Antarctica) marine sediments

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