Tephrostratigraphy and chronology of the Quaternary Gölludağ and Acıgöl volcanic complexes (Central Anatolia, Turkey)

Mouralis, Damase; Pastre, Jean‐François; Kuzucuoğlu, Catherine; Türkecan, Ahmet; Guillou, Hervé

doi:10.1007/s42990-019-00010-8

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The Hasandağ and Erciyes composite volcanoes were formed along the TFZ and EFZ (Pasquare et al, 1988;Toprak and Göncüoğlu, 1993). The Acıgöl Volcanic Complex (or Nevsehir caldera in Froger et al 1998) area lies in the central part by monogenetic cones (Yıldırım and Özgür, 1981;Druitt et al, 1995;Mouralis et al, 2019). Palaeo-eruption events on extrusive materials in the region were dated by a range of methods (for the last 190 ka) (Table S1).…”

Section: Central Anatolian Volcanic Provincementioning

confidence: 99%

Manifestations of Quaternary syn‐eruptive fluid circulations on carbonate veins, Central Anatolian Volcanic Province

Karabaçak

Mutlu

Deniz

2020

J Quaternary Science

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In this study, we investigate the geochronological, geochemical and isotopic characteristics of two travertine sites surrounded by Quaternary eruption centres in central Anatolia with ample palaeo-eruption records. High-resolution carbonate precipitation records, revealed by U-Th dating, are clustered around 5-35, 60-100 and 120-170 ka and are well correlated with the dataset on eruptions as well as the position of fractures related to the volcanic centres. Syn-eruptive carbonate precipitation seems to occur due to the circulation of CO 2-rich fluids along the extensional fracture systems aligned tangentially to the related volcanic conduit and, therefore, the study of this system could be an alternative technique for the reconstruction of palaeo-eruptions. δ 18 O values of the studied travertines are within the range of meteogene fluids. Oxygen isotope compositions at around 130 ka match well with Glacial Termination II that is also recorded by climate proxies in various cave and benthic deposits throughout the world. It is likely that the studied carbonates were precipitated under similar fluid circulation conditions which are represented by a high rate of dilatation followed by a meteoric water influx into the extensional fractures.

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Section: Central Anatolian Volcanic Provincementioning

confidence: 99%

Manifestations of Quaternary syn‐eruptive fluid circulations on carbonate veins, Central Anatolian Volcanic Province

Karabaçak

Mutlu

Deniz

2020

J Quaternary Science

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“…Both complexes have erupted high-silica rhyolite tuffs and domes, and are surrounded by basaltic scoria cones and associated lava flows (Aydin et al 2014;Druitt et al 1995;Schmitt et al 2011;Siebel et al 2011). Gölludağ is middle Pleistocene in age (Aydin et al 2014;Mouralis et al 2019), whereas Acigöl-located ~ 40 km N of Gölludağis dominantly late Pleistocene. Eruptive activity at Acigöl started with the emplacement of LAT, a > 13 km 3 (uncompacted tephra volume) crystal-poor rhyolite with several fall-out deposits and near-source ignimbrite (Druitt et al 1995).…”

Section: Geologic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ages and glass compositions for paired large-volume eruptions from the Acigöl volcanic complex, Cappadocia (Turkey)

et al. 2019

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Acigöl volcanic complex is a bimodal volcanic field located at the western margin of the Neogene-Quaternary Cappadocian volcanic province in Central Anatolia (Turkey). Its most voluminous eruptions are preserved as a pair of widespread tuffs known as Lower Acigöl Tuff (LAT) and Upper Acigöl Tuff (UAT). Both are nearly aphyric high-silica rhyolites that are compositionally identical; they can be distinguished, however, by the presence of obsidian lithics in UAT and the absence thereof in LAT. Here, we report the discovery of medial deposits of these tuffs at ~ 60-65 km distance from their source, and re-estimate the volume for LAT in the range of 21.4-26.7 km 3 (similar constraints are lacking for UAT, but a subequal volume is assumed). Development of paleosol between LAT and UAT provides evidence for a hiatus between both events which is further supported by radiometric dating using combined U-Th and (U-Th)/He zircon geochronology. The revised age for LAT based on sequence modeling of U-Th zircon crystallization and (U-Th)/He zircon eruption ages is 190 ± 11 ka, whereas new and published (U-Th)/He zircon ages indicate eruption of UAT at 164 ± 4 ka (uncertainties generally stated at 1σ). The compositional similarity between both eruptions previously known from whole-rock analyses also extends to glass major, minor, and trace element compositions. Moreover, U-Th zircon crystallization ages are also indistinguishable between LAT and UAT in proximal and medial locations. U-Pb zircon ages for crystals in secular equilibrium indicate a provenance from Cretaceous granitic basement and Miocene volcanic overburden typical for Cappadocia, and such xenocrysts appear to be slightly more common in LAT compared to UAT. The compositional similarity between LAT and UAT along with the apparent recycling of zircon from the non-erupted LAT magma during the UAT event indicates sequential tapping of rhyolite melt from a magma system that maintained thermal and compositional uniformity over a protracted time interval. This can be explained by rhyolite melt extraction from a thermally buffered crystal mush that remained viable to produce voluminous high-silica eruptions for few 10s of ka. The subsequent migration of eruptive activity in the Acigöl volcanic complex from east to west also led to a change in magma chemistry and triggered a new pulse of zircon crystallization, indicating abandonment of the previous magmatic focus, and a shift of magma input to a new location. The identification of sizable medial deposits of LAT and UAT implies that both tephra units are potentially useful marker horizons for marine isotope stage (MIS) 6 sedimentary sequences in and around Anatolia. The recent discovery of UAT in a Black Sea sediment core supports this view.

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“…Within these boundaries, the present issue contains several articles concerning two important aspects of the evolution of the geological, geomorphological and biological features that took and still take part in forming and constructing today's Cappadocia. The articles of this special issue concern two broad topics: (1) palaeoenvironments (see papers by Doğan et al 2019;Gürbüz et al 2019;Tuncer et al 2019), and (2) processes and consequences of magmatic activity and their relationships with the evolution of the volcanic landscapes through time and space (see papers by Atici et al 2019;Aydemir et al 2019;Ersoy et al 2019;Kuzucuoğlu et al 2019;Mouralis et al 2019b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aydın et al 2014;Reid et al 2017;Doğan-Kulahcı et al 2018), three articles in this special issue provide new and important data concerning the middle to late Pleistocene bimodal volcanic activity in "Cappadocia". These articles focus on (1) two rhyolitic complexes, the middle Pleistocene Göllüdağ (Mouralis et al 2002;Mouralis et al 2019b) and the mid-late Pleistocene Acıgöl caldera (Druitt et al 1995;Mouralis et al 2002;Atici et al 2019;Mouralis et al 2019b), the latter also containing basaltic volcanoes, and (2) the Hasandağ stratovolcano (Aydar and Gourgaud 1998;Kuzucuoğlu et al 2019). In the frame of these three articles, new dates on Göllüdağ domes (K/Ar), Acıgöl caldera (zircons) and Hasandağ stratovolcano (K/ Ar) are presented, while preliminary results from chemical and mineralogical analyses are presented as complementary material for the integration in international databases about worldwide volcanism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, today's landscapes in Cappadocia mix stratovolcanoes and deeply incised canyons, volcanic flows and tectonic fault lines, maar lakes and basaltic cones, mesas over plateaus incised by dry valleys covered with tephras, travertines underlining heat conduits controlled by fault systems. Several articles in this issue stress the continuation of tectonic (Doğan et al 2019), magmatic (Aydemir et al 2019;Kuzucuoğlu et al 2019), volcanic (Atici et al 2019;Ersoy et al 2019;Kuzucuoğlu et al 2019;Mouralis et al 2019b), and climatic (Doğan et al 2019;Tuncer et al 2019) impacts not only landscapes but also the future of the region and of its population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geology and geomorphology of the Cappadocia volcanic Province, Turkey

Kuzucuoğlu

2019

Med. Geosc. Rev.

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Throughout historical time, the region of Cappadocia has occupied a geographic position that has made this land an essential member of the geologic, environmental, as well as human network enlivening the Eastern Mediterranean basin. As a result, the definition of the "Cappadocia" as a region depends on the type, characteristics and origin of landscapes one has in mind, as well as on the time interval concerned. The word "Katpatuka" seems to go back to a Hittite toponym, transformed into "Cappadocia" at a time as far back as the sixth century BC. According to Herodotus, this "Cappadocia" extended from the Taurus Mountains in the south to the Black Sea north of the Pontus region, and was bound to the west by Lycaonia (i.e. the west-central part of Anatolia, where today's city of Konya is located), and to the northwest by Galatia (today the regions of Bolu, Ankara, Çorum and Yozgat). On the other hand, touristic information leaflets and books praising "Cappadocia" refer to a small region confined between the cities of Nevşehir, Niğde and Kayseri (formerly the Hattian Mazaca, then Eusebia at the Argaeus and, finally Caesarea), the Roman Capital City of Cappadocia. This area, which attracts millions of visitors per year, possesses a high density of peculiar landscapes combining specific natural landforms (badlands, canyons and fairy chimneys, e.g. Sarıkaya et al. 2015a) and humansculpted troglodytic landforms (caves, dwellings, churches and settlements) recording a long history of occupation since antiquity (Özbaşaran 2011; Özbaşaran et al. 2018; Mouralis et al. 2019a; Çiner and Aydar 2019). These historical and touristic territorial dimensions of "Cappadocia" superimpose another dimension drawn by a unique geological and geomorphological territory whose evolution is deeply rooted in the last 15 million years.

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Tephrostratigraphy and chronology of the Quaternary Gölludağ and Acıgöl volcanic complexes (Central Anatolia, Turkey)

Cited by 9 publications

References 58 publications

Manifestations of Quaternary syn‐eruptive fluid circulations on carbonate veins, Central Anatolian Volcanic Province

Manifestations of Quaternary syn‐eruptive fluid circulations on carbonate veins, Central Anatolian Volcanic Province

Ages and glass compositions for paired large-volume eruptions from the Acigöl volcanic complex, Cappadocia (Turkey)

Geology and geomorphology of the Cappadocia volcanic Province, Turkey

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