Terahertz ultrasensitive biosensing metamaterial and metasurface based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons

Abstract

As a promising candidate for rapid and ultrasensitive sensing of biomolecules, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) can be considered with superior performance in label-free, noncontact, noninvasive, and nondestructive detection. In particular, almost significant conformational information can be captured with THz-TDS. Meanwhile, terahertz (THz) metamaterial or metasurface biosensing chips based on THz-TDS were proposed to promote the detection sensitivity within strong local field-matter enhancement. In this paper, the ultrasensitive THz biosensing metamaterial and metasurface for DNA/RNA detecting based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) is probed. The simulated results show that the maximum frequency sensitivity of the proposed metamaterial and metasurface for DNA/RNA biosensing can respectively approach to 2.52 THz/refractive index unit (RIU) and 2.23 THz/ RIU. In addition, the film thickness sensitivities of metamaterial and metasurface biosensors are respectively higher than 71.1 GHz/μm and 79.2 GHz/μm when the thickness of biomaterial is thinner than 4 μm. All these ascendant performances achieved in the proposed metamaterial and metasurface biosensors can be realized and exploited for ultrasensitive biomolecules detection, health monitoring, medical film sensing, and safety inspection in THz regime. KEYWORDS metamaterial, metasurface, spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs), terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), ultrasensitive biosensing

Terahertz Metamaterials for Biosensing Applications: A Review

“…The planar spoof SPR metamaterial obtained a frequency sensitivity of 1.966 THz/RIU and FOM of 19.86 [92]. In addition, the spoof SPR allows the extraction of the complex refractive index of different viruses by simultaneously investigating the resonant frequency and absorption magnitude of the spoof surface plasmon [93,94]. This could provide more information on the analytes and improve the biosensing accuracy.…”

Frequency Scanning Dual-Mode Asymmetric Dual-OAM-Wave Generation Base on Broadband PB Metasurface

“…The metasurface resembles a two-dimensional artificial EM structure arranged by subwavelength elements. With a delicate modulation ability for the amplitude, phase, and polarization of EM waves, the metasurface shows great potential in new system communication [ 14 ], EM stealth [ 15 , 16 , 17 ], holography [ 18 ], and other EM applications [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. It not only displays the advantages of small weight, a low profile, and easy fabrication, but also builds the feasibility for the mode multiplexing of OAM beams.…”

“…This proposed design has great potential to enhance the capability of OAM wave multiplexing and wireless communication system transmission. polarization of EM waves, the metasurface shows great potential in new system communication [14], EM stealth [15][16][17], holography [18], and other EM applications [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. It not only displays the advantages of small weight, a low profile, and easy fabrication, but also builds the feasibility for the mode multiplexing of OAM beams.…”

Numerical Performance Analysis of Terahertz Spectroscopy Using an Ultra-Sensitive Resonance-Based Sensor

“…However, some studies have proved that some specific forms of metal structures can bind the electromagnetic field in their surface to act like surface plasmon waves in higher frequencies. This confined surface wave that mimics the SPPs is called a Spoof Surface Plasmon (SSP) and can be generated in THz frequency range [22][23][24][25]. This type of THz sensor, which supports SSPs, employs corrugated metal structures in a two-dimensional metamaterial lattice.…”