Terbium Gallium garnet for Faraday Effect Devices

Dentz, D. J.; Puttbach, Richard C.; Belt, Roger F.

doi:10.1063/1.3141859

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…This enhanced response is the result of the combination of the introduced magneto‐optical properties and strong anisotropy of the metamaterial. We demonstrate rotation of the polarization plane with the effective Verdet constant equivalent of at least 10 5 rad m −1 T −1 , significant enhancement with respect to bulk ferromagnetic materials, suggesting that nanostructured magnetic materials have much stronger magneto‐optical response than their bulk counterparts. Overall, plasmonic magneto‐optical nanorods combine the benefits of sub‐wavelength light manipulation offered by metamaterials and of strong magneto‐optics offered by plasmonic nanocomposites, leading to a promising material platform for integrated nanophotonic applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Magneto‐Optical Metamaterials: Nonreciprocal Transmission and Faraday Effect Enhancement

Fan

Nasir

Nicholls

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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the effective medium regime, known for its tolerance to small-scale geometry variations. [9][10][11][12][13] We present comprehensive theoretical, experimental, and numerical analysis of the electromagnetic properties of the magneto-optical metamaterial, demonstrating both the rotation of the polarization plane and nonreciprocal transmission, two phenomena that can be controlled by the direction of the external magnetic field. This enhanced response is the result of the combination of the introduced magneto-optical properties and strong anisotropy of the metamaterial. We demonstrate rotation of the polarization plane with the effective Verdet constant equivalent of at least 10 5 rad m −1 T −1 , significant enhancement with respect to bulk ferromagnetic materials, [14] suggesting that nanostructured magnetic materials have much stronger magneto-optical response than their bulk counterparts. Overall, plasmonic magneto-optical nanorods combine the benefits of sub-wavelength light manipulation offered by metamaterials and of strong magneto-optics offered by plasmonic nanocomposites, leading to a promising material platform for integrated nanophotonic applications.The magneto-optical metamaterial geometry and its optical response are illustrated in Figure 1. The composite is formed by an array of aligned plasmonic (gold) nanorods with magnetooptical (nickel) shells inside a dielectric (alumina) matrix (note that in the composites the Ni shells extend only part-way along the rod; see the Experimental Section). As follows from the geometry, in the absence of an external static magnetic field and in the limit when the unit cell is much smaller than the wavelength (a << λ 0 ), the optical response of the composite can be described by a diagonal permittivity tensor with Cartesian components = ⊥ ⊥ zẑ { , , }     . Effective medium theory can be used to relate the components of the effective permittivity  ⊥ and  zz to the permittivity of the constituent materials as well as to the geometrical parameters of a metamaterial, such as a unit cell a, and radii of the rod r 1 and of the shells around the rod r i , with i = 2, …, N. Existing analytical and numerical tools allow calculations of the optical response of metamaterials composed of rods without shells, with plasmonic and magneto-optical material constituents and in the limit r 1 << a, [1,11,13,15] as well as shelled nanorod composites, comprising nonmagneto-optical materials with arbitrary rod concentration. [12,16] Here, we present a formalism that can incorporate magneto-optical response in the effective-medium description of shelled rod metamaterials and even in the limit  r a i 2 . We consider a metamaterial with a = 64 nm, r 1 = 15 nm, and r 2 = 23 nm and assume that the Magneto-optical effects are at the heart of modern technologies providing opportunities for polarization control in laser physics and optical communications, metrology, and in high-density data storage. Here a new type of a hyperbolic magneto-optical metamaterial based on Au-Ni nanorod arrays ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Magneto‐Optical Metamaterials: Nonreciprocal Transmission and Faraday Effect Enhancement

Fan

Nasir

Nicholls

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…These requirements can be met by commonly used room temperature magneto-optical materials, such as BIG, 48 yttrium iron garnet (YIG) 48 or terbium gallium garnet (TGG). 63 For the lowtemperature regime, there are also other chalcogenides, such as EuS, 42 EuTe 44 and EuO, 64 which have similar magneto-optical properties as EuSe. The temperature at which these materials show the largest Faraday rotation can possibly be increased by doping with Gd.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable and switchable polarization rotation with non-reciprocal plasmonic thin films at designated wavelengths

et al. 2015

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We experimentally demonstrate an ultra-thin plasmonic optical rotator in the visible regime that induces a polarization rotation that is continuously tunable and switchable by an external magnetic field. The rotator is a magneto-plasmonic hybrid structure consisting of a magneto-optical EuSe slab and a one-dimensional plasmonic gold grating. At low temperatures, EuSe possesses a large Verdet constant and exhibits Faraday rotation, which does not saturate over a regime of several Tesla. By combining these properties with plasmonic Faraday rotation enhancement, a large tuning range of the polarization rotation of up to 8.46 for a film thickness of 220 nm is achieved. Furthermore, through experiments and simulations, we demonstrate that the unique dispersion properties of the structure enable us to tailor the wavelengths of the tunable polarization rotation to arbitrary spectral positions within the transparency window of the magneto-optical slab. The demonstrated concept might lead to important, highly integrated, non-reciprocal, photonic devices for light modulation, optical isolation, and magnetic field optical sensing. The simple fabrication of EuSe nanostructures by physical vapor deposition opens the way for many potentially interesting magneto-plasmonic systems and three-dimensional magneto-optical metamaterials.

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“…This result is in agreement with the theoretical condition of superparamagnetism at room temperature. Thus, by taking  = (6.9±0.5)·10 5 J·m -3 as the value of the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy (Zuberek et al, 2000), it can be deduced that spherical particles with diameters over 5 nm, as it appears in figure 1a-c, will not behave superparamagnetically at room temperature (Dentz et al, 1974). In particular, the histogram in Fig 1c shows that the diameters of the particles range between 5 and 17 nm and, therefore a single domain behavior is expected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large Faraday rotations have been observed in metallic ferromagnetic materials, but due to their high absorption, Faraday rotation can only be measured in very thin films (Liu, 2005). On the other hand, large Faraday rotations have been observed in transparent compounds such as Terbium Gallium Garnett (Dentz et al, 1974), but they must be produced in the single crystal form in order to minimize light scattering. An alternative method to produce large Faraday rotations combined with a simple materials production has led to the preparation of nanocomposites with ferromagnetic nanoparticles dispersed in polymer and glass matrices (Ziolo et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magneto-optical Faraday activity in transparent FeCo-sepiolite/polystyrene nanocomposites

et al. 2013

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Abstract. FeCo nanoparticles synthesized on sepiolite microparticles were used for the preparation of nanocomposites by melt compounding with polystyrene. Both, the sepiolite fibers and the nanoparticles were free of agglomeration, which allowed preparing nanocomposites with a homogeneous dispersion of the second phases, avoiding the usual agglomeration of the nanoparticles and minimizing light scattering.

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Terbium Gallium garnet for Faraday Effect Devices

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Magneto‐Optical Metamaterials: Nonreciprocal Transmission and Faraday Effect Enhancement

Magneto‐Optical Metamaterials: Nonreciprocal Transmission and Faraday Effect Enhancement

Tunable and switchable polarization rotation with non-reciprocal plasmonic thin films at designated wavelengths

Magneto-optical Faraday activity in transparent FeCo-sepiolite/polystyrene nanocomposites

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