Terepi megfigyelések a nyersanyagforrásokkal kapcsolatban

Abstract

Half of the lithic material of the Andornaktálya 1 site is Silesian flint and Slovakian obsidian from distant sources, treated in the same way as local raw materials. This led to the need to examine the connections between the areas here and beyond the Carpathians, which also included field research of possible sources. The research program was started in 2011–2012 with the support of the International Visegrad Fund and continued in 2017–2024 with the support of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund. The occurrences of siliceous rocks were studied at sites in Poland, Slovakia, Ukraine and Hungary. In addition to getting to know the field conditions, we also set the goal of documenting the diversity of the given siliceous rock by collecting samples. The collected information was organized into a QGIS-based database. The studied occurrences were categorized according to the four categories defined by Alain Turq for raw material sources, which are closely related to the methods of acquisition. The main lesson learned from our field investigations is that the problem of identifying raw material sources is extremely complex, as both the occurrences of siliceous rocks in the landscape and their lithological properties are incredibly diverse. This is especially true for limnosilicites of post-volcanic, hydrothermal origin, which are peculiar to the Carpathian Basin. Petrographic tests on rock samples from the reference collection also produced results that shed new light on certain types of raw materials. Based on these experiences, we believe it is worthwhile to continue the research project both in terms of field collection and petrographic analyses.