Terminalia arjuna bark extract improves diuresis and attenuates acute hypobaric hypoxia induced cerebral vascular leakage

Kumar, Kushal; Sharma, Sanjiv; Vashishtha, Vivek; Bhardwaj, Pushpender; Kumar, Ashish; Barhwal, Kalpana; Hota, Sunil Kumar; Malairaman, Udayabanu; Singh, Baljinder

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.01.002

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Severe hypoxia has long been regarded as detrimental to the human body and may be a key pathogenic factor in pulmonary hypertension (15,16) and right ventricular hypertrophy (17,18), even leading to dysfunction of the reproductive system in female rats (19). Studies have revealed correlations between high-altitude hypoxia and neurological disorders or diseases (cerebral edema, sleep disorder, cognition impairment, and cerebral vascular leakage) (20)(21)(22)(23). Most harmful conditions reported in the literature are based on chronic (>2 weeks) or high-intensity (>5,500 m) hypoxic exposure (24)(25)(26).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preconditioning With Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Attenuates Stroke Damage and Modulates Endocytosis in Residual Neurons

Wan

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Neurol.

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Background: Moderate hypobaric hypoxia induces cerebral ischemic tolerance. We investigated the optimal method for applying hypobaric hypoxia preconditioning at 5,000 m to ischemic brain tissue and combined it with proteomics to determine the mechanisms underlying this effect.Methods: Male SD rats were randomly grouped as S (sham, n = 20), M (middle cerebral artery occlusion [MCAO], n = 28), H2M (intermittent hypobaric hypoxia preconditioned MCAO group, 2 h/day, 10 days, n = 20), H6M (intermittent hypobaric hypoxia preconditioned MCAO group, 6 h/day, 10 days, n = 28), and HpM (persistent hypobaric hypoxia preconditioned MCAO group, 10 days, n = 28). The permanent MCAO model was established based on the Zea Longa method. Infarction was assessed with the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. The total protein expression of the neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (caspase-3), cleaved-caspase-3, and interleukin 6 (IL-6) was determined using western blotting. We assessed the peri-infarct cortex's ultrastructural changes. A label-free proteomic study and western blot verification were performed on the most effective preconditioned group.Results: The H6M group showed a lower infarct volume (p = 0.0005), lower mNSS score (p = 0.0009) than the M group. The H2M showed a lower level of IL-6 (p = 0.0213) than the M group. The caspase-3 level decreased in the H2M (p = 0.0002), H6M (p = 0.0025), and HpM groups (p = 0.0054) compared with that in the M group. Cleaved-caspase-3 expression decreased in the H2M (p = 0.0011), H6M (p < 0.0001), and HpM groups (p < 0.0001) compared with that in the M group. The neurons' ultrastructure and the blood-brain barrier in the peri-infarct tissue improved in the H2M and H6M groups. Immunofluorescence revealed increased NeuN-positive cells in the peri-infarct tissue in the H6M group (p = 0.0003, H6M vs. M). Protein expression of Chmp1a, Arpc5, and Hspa2 factors related to endocytosis were upregulated in the H6M compared with those of the M group (p < 0.05 for all) on western blot verification of label-free proteomics.Conclusions: Intermittent hypobaric hypoxia preconditioning exerts a neuroprotective effect in a rat stroke model. Persistent hypobaric hypoxia stimulation exhibited no significant neuroprotective effect. Intermittent hypoxic preconditioning for 6 h/day for 10 days upregulates key proteins in clathrin-dependent endocytosis of neurons in the cortex.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preconditioning With Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Attenuates Stroke Damage and Modulates Endocytosis in Residual Neurons

Wan

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Neurol.

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“…Na + and K + were the major electrolytes located in the intracellular and extracellular fluids and play a regulatory role in maintaining body fluid homeostasis [17–19]. Our results showed that LS and its four fractions affect the urinary electrolytes and the acid-base alterations compared with the control group within 24 h in normal rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Diuretic and Antidiuretic Activities of Ethanol Extract and Fractions of Lagopsis supina in Normal Rats

Yang

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Lagopsis supina is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and used as an agent for diuresis in China for centuries. This is the first time to evaluate the diuretic activity of the ethanol extract of L. supina (LS) and its four fractions (LSA, LSB, LSC, and LSD) in normal rats. After the administration of LS-H, LS-M, LSB-H, and LSC-L, the urine output of the rats was significantly increased, while the urine excretion was significantly reduced after treatment with LSB-L. The urine Na+ excretion was remarkably increased with LS-H, LS-M, LSA-H, LSA-L, LSB-H, LSC-L, and LSD-L, and the urine K+ excretion was significantly increased after administration of LS-H and LSB-H. Moreover, the urine Na+ and K+ excretion was significantly reduced after treatment with LSC-H and LSD-H. However, the urine pH values and urine and serum Na+-K+-ATPase levels did not show remarkable change after administration of LS or its four fractions in comparison with the control group. On the contrary, LS and its four fractions can suppress the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), including ADH arrest by LSB-H, LSB-L, LSC-L, LSD-L, and LSD-H and ALD arrest by LSD-L, as well as promote ANP release by LS-M, LSB-H, LSC-H, and LSD-H, while furosemide can suppress only arrest of ADH within 24 h compared with the control group. In addition, LS and its four fractions did not change the urine and serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels in normal rats within 24 h. This study will provide a quantitative basis for explaining the natural medicinal use of LS as a diuretic agent for edema and promoting the diuretic process.

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“…However, the increase in potassium is consistent with previously reported preclinical data on ingredients in the formula; T. arjuna and T. terrestris have each been shown to increase potassium, along with diuresis, in animal models. 15,16 Furthermore, the increase in serum potassium could have been related to potential inhibition of ACE activity by T. terrestris and B. diffusa . 17,25 It is well documented that agents that inhibit ACE have the downstream effect of reducing renal potassium excretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective Safety Evaluation of a Cardiovascular Health Dietary Supplement in Adults with Prehypertension and Stage I Hypertension

Ryan

Hanes

Corroon

et al. 2019

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

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The findings of this study suggest that the investigated dietary supplement is safe for long-term use in adults with prehypertension and stage I hypertension. Additional results of this study, particularly the increase in serum potassium and decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, are promising and suggest that future research on this dietary supplement, or its ingredients, should further explore effects on blood pressure and biologic mechanisms of action, which may involve potassium-sparing and diuretic effects.

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Terminalia arjuna bark extract improves diuresis and attenuates acute hypobaric hypoxia induced cerebral vascular leakage

Cited by 19 publications

References 48 publications

Preconditioning With Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Attenuates Stroke Damage and Modulates Endocytosis in Residual Neurons

Preconditioning With Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Attenuates Stroke Damage and Modulates Endocytosis in Residual Neurons

Diuretic and Antidiuretic Activities of Ethanol Extract and Fractions of Lagopsis supina in Normal Rats

Prospective Safety Evaluation of a Cardiovascular Health Dietary Supplement in Adults with Prehypertension and Stage I Hypertension

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