Termination of Parental Rights for Parents with Substance Use Disorder: For Whom and Then What?

Hong, Jun Sung; Ryan, Joseph P.; Hernandez, Pedro M.; Brown, Suzanne

doi:10.1080/19371918.2014.884960

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The high-risk substance abusing mothers were also younger in age at the time of the birth of their first child, less educated, and had more children. Overall, these results indicate that sociocultural factors, traumatization, substance abuse, and poor parental attitudes may lead to ineffective and harmful parenting behaviors that could enhance the risk of criminal justice involvement due to the increased likelihood of reports to and/or involvement with child protective services (Hines, Lemon, Wyatt, & Merdinger, 2004; Hong, Ryan, Hernandez, & Brown, 2014).…”

Section: Sociodemographic Characteristics Associated With Criminal Jumentioning

confidence: 90%

Direct and Indirect Effects of Cumulative Trauma, PTSD, and Substance Use Disorder on Probability of Arrest Among Lower Income African American and Latina Women

Ruglass

Espinosa

Sykes³

et al. 2016

Race and Justice

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We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data to examine the association of cumulative trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and substance use disorder (SUD) with the probability of arrest in a sample of socioeconomically disadvantaged African American and Latino mothers (N ¼ 158). Results revealed that 34% of the sample had a history of arrest. Logistic regression revealed that cumulative trauma was significantly and positively associated with the likelihood of arrest. Exposure to increasing numbers of traumas contributed to greater odds of arrest, as much as 62% for each additional trauma exposure. Moreover, binary mediation analyses revealed that PTSD and SUD exerted an intervening influence on the pathway between cumulative trauma and the probability of arrest. Women with a lifetime history of PTSD or SUD were 5-6 times more likely to be arrested than women without either disorder. Lifetime PTSD and lifetime SUD were partial mediators of the association between cumulative trauma exposure and arrest, accounting for 63%

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Section: Sociodemographic Characteristics Associated With Criminal Jumentioning

confidence: 90%

Direct and Indirect Effects of Cumulative Trauma, PTSD, and Substance Use Disorder on Probability of Arrest Among Lower Income African American and Latina Women

Ruglass

Espinosa

Sykes³

et al. 2016

Race and Justice

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“…Hong et al . (), in their study of factors associated with TPR for families with SUDs, found that in 29 per cent of cases, one parent completed SUD treatment, and in 21.4 per cent of cases, both parents completed treatment.…”

Section: Empirical Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Poverty and Family Reunification for Mothers with Substance Use Disorders in Child Welfare

Lloyd

2018

Child Abuse Review

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Although prior research has established that maternal substance use disorders (SUDs) are associated with poor foster care outcomes, few earlier studies have sought to differentiate between families with maternal SUDs who reunify and those who do not reunify. This study applied the intersectional social determinants of a health framework to examine the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) risks on the likelihood of reunification for 325 mothers with SUDs and their children in foster care. Multivariate Cox regression models assessed four SES risk factors separately and cumulatively: single parent; income less than $15 000; unemployment; and severe housing issues. The study results reveal that none of the SES factors alone reduced the chances of reunification, but did so in combination. Compared to cases with one risk, cases with three risks were 39.1 per cent less likely to reunify and four‐risk cases were 49.3 per cent less likely to reunify. Cases with zero, one and two risks did not significantly differ. The primary implication of this study is that families with maternal SUDs in child welfare are a heterogeneous group whereby reunification depends on SES risk severity. In practice, these findings suggest that improving reunification for families with maternal SUDs may be aided by reducing the total number of socioeconomic risk factors, rather than eliminating specific risks. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Messages Families affected by parental SUDs in child welfare are a heterogeneous group whose outcomes vary based on the severity of socioeconomic risk. Mothers with SUDs in child welfare are significantly worse off socioeconomically compared to fathers with SUDs. The impact of SES on reunification outcomes depends on the accumulation of risk, rather than individual factors. Substance abuse treatment must be augmented with efforts to reduce the cumulative SES burden on families.

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“…Existing legal intervention commonly consists of mandated reporting by healthcare providers in cases of suspected or confirmed prenatal substance use, which may result in child protective services or law enforcement involvement. Such involvement in turn may lead to temporary loss of custody or termination of parental rights (Hong et al, 2014). Additionally, criminal charges may be brought against the mother either during the pregnancy or following the birth of the child, with outcomes ranging from involuntary testing and treatment to incarceration or involuntary commitment (Boudreaux & Thompson, 2015; Forliti, 2018; Perez, 2013).…”

Section: Legal Approaches To Substance Use During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Public perception on policies to address prenatal substance use: Recommendations regarding maternal criminal prosecution and child welfare.

Desai¹,

DeMatteo²,

Heilbrun³

et al. 2023

Psychology, Public Policy, and Law

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Despite notable rates of neonatal alcohol and drug withdrawal, there is little consensus regarding best practices for legal intervention in the United States. Criminal and child welfare outcomes, and legislative efforts, have varied widely and occasionally resulted in unintended consequences. Following the Supreme Court of the United States’ ruling overturning the constitutional right to an abortion ( Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, 2022), U.S. citizens serve a more critical, yet understudied, role in influencing proposed reproductive rights legislation. Further, they may also serve as jurors in criminal cases involving prenatal substance use. To examine the general public’s views, this study presented U.S. citizens (N = 467) with a hypothetical case vignette involving a mother who gave birth to a child in substance withdrawal. Participants provided recommendations regarding criminal prosecution and child welfare as a function of type of prenatal substance use. No statistically significant relationships emerged between substance type and criminal prosecution recommendations. However, with regard to child welfare, participants were significantly more likely to recommend loss of custody for prenatal heroin use and continued monitoring for benzodiazepine use. Secondary analyses revealed a relationship between participant political affiliation and criminal prosecution recommendation, such that Republican and Libertarian participants were more likely to recommend prosecution. With regard to child welfare outcomes, female participants and those who have been pregnant were more likely to recommend loss of custody. Lastly, trends in the general public’s recommendations provide insight into public opinions that may inform approaches to policy and legal and clinical intervention.

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Termination of Parental Rights for Parents with Substance Use Disorder: For Whom and Then What?

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Direct and Indirect Effects of Cumulative Trauma, PTSD, and Substance Use Disorder on Probability of Arrest Among Lower Income African American and Latina Women

Direct and Indirect Effects of Cumulative Trauma, PTSD, and Substance Use Disorder on Probability of Arrest Among Lower Income African American and Latina Women

Poverty and Family Reunification for Mothers with Substance Use Disorders in Child Welfare

Public perception on policies to address prenatal substance use: Recommendations regarding maternal criminal prosecution and child welfare.

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