Termination of sex pheromone production in mated females of the silkworm moth

Ando, Tetsu; Kasuga, Kie; Yajima, Yohko; Kataoka, Hiroshi; Suzuki, Akira

doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6327(1996)31:2<207::aid-arch8>3.3.co;2-3

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…In the gypsy moth, for example, the introduction of the male genitalia into the bursa copulatrix during mating, caused a suppression of pheromone production (Giebultowicz et al, 1991) but, if no sperm was transferred during the attempted copulation, pheromone production resumed and females returned to calling behaviour. Additionally, in the silkworm moth, Bombyx mori Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) a mating duration of greater than six hours was required to permanently terminate sex pheromone production (Ando et al, 1996), females mating for shorter periods often recovering their ability to produce pheromone. We believe that something similar may have occurred in the case where a female apparently mated twice, and suggest that, under normal circumstances, L. oleracea females mate only once.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive, developmental and nutritional biology of the tomato moth,Lacanobia oleracea(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on artificial diet

Corbitt¹,

Bryning²,

Olieff³

et al. 1996

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Several aspects of the biology of the tomato moth, Lacanobia oleracea (Linnaeus) were investigated when these insects were fed an artificial diet and kept under laboratory conditions. The six larval stadia occupied a total period of 35.6 days at 20°C and 65% r.h. Larvae of each stadium could be separated by their head capsule widths, but not weight ranges, which overlapped. Feeding studies carried out on larval L. oleracea revealed instar dependent changes in the indices of food consumption and utilization. Larvae increased in weight from the fourth to sixth instar due to a combination of the increased efficiency with which ingested food was converted to body tissue, and increased food consumption by older larvae. Sixth (final) instar larvae exhibited three distinct behavioural phases; during one of these, the feeding phase, larvae consumed a greater amount of diet than either the fourth or fifth instars. The mean pupal period of non-diapausing pupae was 25 days. Pupal diapause was induced when larvae were reared under short day conditions. The male to female sex ratio of adult moths was 1:1.3. Mating generally began during the first scotophase after adult eclosion, and stopped soon after the start of the next photophase. Females usually mated only once, but males were capable of mating at least seven times. Oviposition normally commenced on day 2 of adult life, and the mean total egg production was 1186 eggs/female. Sex pheromone components were not present in solvent extracts of the pheromone glands of 20-day-old female pupae, but low levels were detected in pharate adults. A further increase in pheromone levels in newly-emerged moths was detected and, in isolated virgin moths, pheromone levels increased each day of adult life until day 9. Pheromone levels were significantly lower in two-day-old mated adult females, than in two-day-old virgins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive, developmental and nutritional biology of the tomato moth,Lacanobia oleracea(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on artificial diet

Corbitt¹,

Bryning²,

Olieff³

et al. 1996

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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“…this component is responsible for numerous post-mating responses, including promoted JH synthesis, enhanced egg laying and decreased female receptivity and sex pheromone [13] ; [27] – [30] . The transfer of male factors triggers the neural inactivation of PBAN release and thus hinders the production of sex pheromone [7] , [8] . During mating PGs are targeted by many male-originated factors such as SP and JH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…JH might induce PG response to PBAN stimulation in pharate adults of H. armigera , but inhibit the transcript level of PBAN receptor in adult females [13] , [14] , suggesting that the functions of JH in sex pheromone synthesis possibly vary at different development stages. The PGs in mated B mori , females maintain their capability to produce bombykol; however, the suppression of PBAN secretion from the suboesophageal ganglion strongly reduces sex pheromone production [8] . The combination of tactile stimulus and sperm triggers the neuronal inactivation of PBAN release and thus hinders bombykol production after mating [15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of tactile stimulus and sperm triggers the neuronal inactivation of PBAN release and thus hinders bombykol production after mating [15] . The mechanosensory stimulus and transfer of male factors, including the spermatophore containing sperm and seminal fluid in the corpus bursa suppress sex pheromone release and decrease female receptivity [7] , [8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in the Pheromone Glands of Mated and Virgin Bombyx mori by Digital Gene Expression Profiling

et al. 2014

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BackgroundMating decreases female receptivity and terminates sex pheromone production in moths. Although significant progress has been made in elucidating the mating-regulated inactivation of pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide (PBAN) secretion, little is known about the mating induced gene expression profiles in pheromone glands (PGs). In this study, the associated genes involved in Bombyx mori mating were identified through digital gene expression (DGE) profiling and subsequent RNA interference (RNAi) to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the mating-regulated gene expression in PGs.ResultsEight DGE libraries were constructed from the PGs of mated and virgin females: 1 h mating (M1)/virgin (V1) PGs, 3 h mating (M3)/virgin (V3) PGs, 24 h mating (M24)/virgin (V24) PGs and 48 h mating (M48)/virgin (V48) PGs (M48 and V48). These libraries were used to investigate the gene expression profiles affected by mating. DGE profiling revealed a series of genes showing differential expression in each set of mated and virgin female samples, including immune-associated genes, sex pheromone synthesis-associated genes, juvenile hormone (JH) signal-associated genes, etc. Most interestingly, JH signal was found to be activated by mating. Application of the JH mimics, methoprene to the newly-emerged virgin females leaded to the significant reduction of sex pheromone production. RNAi-mediated knockdown of putative JH receptor gene, Methoprene tolerant 1 (Met1), in female pupa resulted in a significant decrease in sex pheromone production in mature females, suggesting the importance of JH in sex pheromone synthesis.ConclusionA series of differentially expressed genes in PGs in response to mating was identified. This study improves our understanding of the role of JH signaling on the mating-elicited termination of sex pheromone production.

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“…The nervous system is also implicated in the permanent suppression of pheromone production in mated females Epiphyas postvittana (Tortricidae) [34,35]. For the silkworm moth, Bombyx mori , the inactivation of pheromone production in mated females is mediated by a neural signal, originating from a peripheral receptor, that is sent via the ventral nerve cord to the brain–suboesophageal ganglion complex [36,37]. Sex pheromone biosynthesis is neurally regulated in Spodoptera littoralis [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of sex pheromone communications of Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera) by the insecticide chlorpyrifos

Delpuech

Froment

Fouillet

et al. 1998

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Biological control agents such as entomophagus insects (e.g., Trichogramma sp.) are important components of integrated pest management (IPM) programs. Because pesticides are also an important component of IPM programs, it is essential to understand how biological control agents are affected by pesticides and how these effects may affect the effectiveness of the biological control agents. Contrary to most insect species that use volatile pheromones for mate location, T. brassicae is one of the few species using a substrate‐borne sex pheromone for mating. In this work we determined the effects of an organophosphorus insecticide, chlorpyrifos, on sex pheromone reception by males and emission by virgin females. The insects used in the pheromone tests were survivors from an acute toxicity test in which individuals were exposed to a dose of chlorpyrifos equivalent to a 20% lethal dose. Males that survived the insecticide exposure spent much less time on the area marked with the female pheromone than control males (mean choice indexes, 0.46 [0.34 SD] vs 0.70 [0.25 SD], p < 0.001). The kinetics of the response of males to marking by control and treated females indicated that chlorpyrifos decreased the emission of sex pheromone by females surviving the insecticide. Therefore, chlorpyrifos inhibited pheromone reception by males and decreased pheromone emission by virgin females. These results are interpreted in the context of sex pheromone regulation by the nervous system of insects and according to the mode of action of chlorpyrifos. Extensions of these results on actual work on sex pheromone, the use of pheromone traps, and the population biology of Trichogramma sp. are discussed.

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Termination of sex pheromone production in mated females of the silkworm moth

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Reproductive, developmental and nutritional biology of the tomato moth,Lacanobia oleracea(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on artificial diet

Reproductive, developmental and nutritional biology of the tomato moth,Lacanobia oleracea(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on artificial diet

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in the Pheromone Glands of Mated and Virgin Bombyx mori by Digital Gene Expression Profiling

Inhibition of sex pheromone communications of Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera) by the insecticide chlorpyrifos

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