Terpenoids from Artemisia annua and constituents of its essential oil

Ahmad, Ateeque; Misra, Laxminarain

doi:10.1016/0031-9422(94)85021-6

Cited by 73 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Although the present results are the first on the volatile constituents of isolated petals and stems, the compositions of the whole shoot (stems and leaves, with and without capitula) and separated leaves and capitula of different accessions of A. annua have been reported earlier [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Roughly, three kinds of accessions have been investigated for the essential oils of their organs: ornamental types occurring in China and other Asian countries, Europe and the Americas [20-22, 24-26, 28], artemisinin-rich types of Vietnamese and Chinese origins [23], and hybrid types of known and unknown parentage [19,27].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Essential oils of petal, leaf and stem of the antimalarial plant Artemisia annua

Goel

Singh²,

Ali

et al. 2006

J Nat Med

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The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from petals, leaves and stems of the flowering stage of plants of Artemisia annua cultivar Jwarharti was analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS); 86, 77, and 63 compounds were identified in the leaf, petal, and stem oils, respectively. Large compositional differences were detected between the three oils. The petal and leaf oils were rich in monoterpenes. The stem oil was rich in sesquiterpenes. Camphor, present in the leaf oil, was absent from petal oil.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Essential oils of petal, leaf and stem of the antimalarial plant Artemisia annua

Goel

Singh²,

Ali

et al. 2006

J Nat Med

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“…Aromatic sulfonylfluoride derivatives of glutamine and asparagine also failed to inhibit ASNS (137), and observations suggesting that cineoles, a group of monoterpenes isolated from the essential oils of aromatic plants (138), inhibit asparagine production in various plant tissues (139) have proven difficult to reproduce (140). Progress, however, (a) obtaining multi-milligram amounts of human ASNS from a baculovirus-based expression system (33), (b) determining the high-resolution, three-dimensional structure of the bacterial enzyme AS-B (35), and (c) recognizing that aminoacyl tRNA synthetases are targets for new antibacterial and antifungal drugs (141-143) stimulated renewed efforts by Richards and coworkers to obtain potent, small molecule ASNS inhibitors (24,144).…”

Section: Sulfonamide Derivatives As Inhibitors Of Human Asparagine Symentioning

confidence: 96%

Asparagine Synthetase Chemotherapy

Richards

Kilberg

2006

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

204

221

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Modern clinical treatments of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) employ enzymebased methods for depletion of blood asparagine in combination with standard chemotherapeutic agents. Significant side effects can arise in these protocols and, in many cases, patients develop drug-resistant forms of the disease that may be correlated with up-regulation of the enzyme glutamine-dependent asparagine synthetase (ASNS). Though the precise molecular mechanisms that result in the appearance of drug resistance are the subject of active study, potent ASNS inhibitors may have clinical utility in treating asparaginase-resistant forms of childhood ALL. This review provides an overview of recent developments in our understanding of (a) the structure and catalytic mechanism of ASNS, and (b) the role that ASNS may play in the onset of drug-resistant childhood ALL. In addition, the first successful, mechanism-based efforts to prepare and characterize nanomolar ASNS inhibitors are discussed, together with the implications of these studies for future efforts to develop useful drugs.

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“…Among these are the sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin, which is one of the most efficient drugs against Plasmodium species involved in malaria (van Agtmael et al, 1999), and monoterpenes camphor, 1, 8-cineole, ␣-pinene, and ␤-pinene, etc. (Ahmad and Misra, 1994), which give the plant a sweet scent. A key enzyme for artemisinin synthesis, amorpha-4, 11-diene synthase, has recently been purified, and its cDNA was cloned (Bouwmeester et al, 1999;Mercke et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and Functional Characterization of a β-Pinene Synthase from Artemisia annua That Shows a Circadian Pattern of Expression

Jia

et al. 2002

Plant Physiology

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Artemisia annua plants produce a broad range of volatile compounds, including monoterpenes, which contribute to the characteristic fragrance of this medicinal species. A cDNA clone, QH6, contained an open reading frame encoding a 582-amino acid protein that showed high sequence identity to plant monoterpene synthases. The prokaryotically expressed QH6 fusion protein converted geranyl diphosphate to (−)-β-pinene and (−)-α-pinene in a 94:6 ratio. QH6 was predominantly expressed in juvenile leaves 2 weeks postsprouting. QH6 transcript levels were transiently reduced following mechanical wounding or fungal elicitor treatment, suggesting that this gene is not directly involved in defense reaction induced by either of these treatments. Under a photoperiod of 12 h/12 h (light/dark), the abundance of QH6 transcripts fluctuated in a diurnal pattern that ebbed around 3 h before daybreak (9th h in the dark phase) and peaked after 9 h in light (9th h in the light phase). The contents of (−)-β-pinene in juvenile leaves and in emitted volatiles also varied in a diurnal rhythm, correlating strongly with mRNA accumulation. WhenA. annua was entrained by constant light or constant dark conditions, QH6 transcript accumulation continued to fluctuate with circadian rhythms. Under constant light, advanced cycles of fluctuation of QH6 transcript levels were observed, and under constant dark, the cycle was delayed. However, the original diurnal pattern could be regained when the plants were returned to the normal light/dark (12 h/12 h) photoperiod. This is the first report that monoterpene biosynthesis is transcriptionally regulated in a circadian pattern.

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Terpenoids from Artemisia annua and constituents of its essential oil

Cited by 73 publications

References 10 publications

Essential oils of petal, leaf and stem of the antimalarial plant Artemisia annua

Essential oils of petal, leaf and stem of the antimalarial plant Artemisia annua

Asparagine Synthetase Chemotherapy

Cloning and Functional Characterization of a β-Pinene Synthase from Artemisia annua That Shows a Circadian Pattern of Expression

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