Terpolymerization studies. I. Terpolymerization of acrylonitrile, styrene, and esters of α-cyanocinnamic acid

Ronel, Samuel H.; Kohn, David H.

doi:10.1002/app.1975.070190902

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…3 As it becomes more and more possible to accompanied by an increased demand for materials with improved physical and mechanical properties, reported. 6 Recently, the water uptake and swelling behavior of physically crosslinked, inhomogeneous poly(acrylonitrile-acrylamide-acrylic acid) hydrogels have been reported. 7 In this article, we report on the synthesis and properties of terpolymers of acrylamide, acrylonitrile, and acrylic acid from various feed ratios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terpolymerization of acrylamide, acrylic acid, and acrylonitrile: Synthesis and properties

Mathakiya

Vangani

Rakshit

1998

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Free-radical solution terpolymerization of acrylamide, acrylic acid, and acrylonitrile was carried out in a mixture of dimethylformamide and water (60 : 40, v/v) at 85ЊC using benzoyl peroxide as the initiator. The polymers were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1 H-NMR, TGA, and viscosity measurements. Elemental analysis data were used to evaluate the terpolymer composition. The reactivity ratios were determined by Fineman-Ross and Kelen-Tudos methods. The reactivity ratios (r) for the copolymerization of (1) acrylic acid / acrylonitrile with (2) acrylamide was found to be r 1 Å 0.86 { 0.09 and r 2 Å 1.93 { 0.03, respectively, by the Kelen-Tudos method. The Fineman-Ross method yielded a value of r 1 Å 0.86 { 0.05 and r 2 Å 1.94 { 0.09, respectively. The activation energy values for various stages of decomposition were calculated from TGA analysis. Voluminosity (V E ) and the shape factor (n) were also computed from the viscosity measurements in different ratios of the solvent mixture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terpolymerization of acrylamide, acrylic acid, and acrylonitrile: Synthesis and properties

Mathakiya

Vangani

Rakshit

1998

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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“…Styrene is able to produce not only true azeotropic systems but also partial azeotropes with AN and pentabromephenylacrylate when F st = f st [ 37 ] or with AN and esters of cyanocinnamic acid. [ 38 ] Additionally, many systems with styrene are known where the chemical composition slightly changes upon polymerization, for example, for terpolymerization with AN and tribromephenylacrylate [ 39 ] or with MAN and methylstyrene. [ 40 ] Hence, ternary polymerization with styrene is expected to proceed via living or decaying living mechanism.…”

Section: "Azeotropic Regime"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Living Nitroxide‐Mediated Radical Terpolymerization: General Concept and Synthetic Possibilities

Zaremski

Plutalova

Eremeev

2016

Macro Theory & Simulations

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The general concept for nitroxide‐mediated radical terpolymerization is advanced. This concept is based on activation‐deactivation equilibria for terminal polymer‐nitroxide adducts. Depending on monomer activity and the stability of terminal nitroxide adducts, terpolymerization can be equilibrium living, quasi‐equilibrium (gradient) living, decaying living, decaying gradient, or non‐living. Expressions for the effective activation‐deactivation equilibrium constant, Kef, and the rate of terpolymerization are derived from theoretical speculations on equilibrium living and decaying living terpolymerization. For quasi‐equilibrium living terpolymerization, various types of gradient terpolymers are predicted. When activity of the active monomer M1 is, at least, one order of magnitude different from that of the two other monomers, the effective constant Kef is shown to approach K1 of the most active monomer. Experimental kinetic and equilibrium constants agree with the advanced concept for the equilibrium living terpolymerization of styrene with methyl methacrylate, and acrylonitrile in the presence of nitroxide SG1, as well as for decaying living terpolymerization in the same system in the presence of nitroxide TEMPO.

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“…Thus, some ringsubstituted MCPP and ECPP monomers were copolymerized with styrene (13,14) and vinyl acetate (15,16). Ring-unsubstituted BCPP was copolymerized with styrene (17) and terpolymerized with styrene and acrylonitrile (18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel copolymers of styrene. 14. Halogen ring-trisubstituted butyl 2-cyano-3-phenyl-2-propenoates

Kharas

Rocus

Locke

et al. 2016

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, halogen ring-trisubstituted butyl 2-cyano-3-phenyl-2-propenoates, RPhCH HC(CN)CO 2 C 4 H 9 (where R is 3-bromo-4,5-dimethoxy, 5-bromo-2,4-dimethoxy, 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-4-methoxy, 3-chloro-2,6-difluoro, 4-chloro-2,6-difluoro, 2,3,5-trichloro, 2,3,6-trichloro, 2,4,5-trifluoro) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The monomers were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted benzaldehydes and butyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1 H and 13 C-NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70 C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis and the structures were analyzed by IR, 1 H and 13 C-NMR. Decomposition of the copolymers in nitrogen occurred in two steps, first in the 200-500 C range with residue (3-5% wt.), which then decomposed in the 500-800 C range.

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Terpolymerization studies. I. Terpolymerization of acrylonitrile, styrene, and esters of α-cyanocinnamic acid

Cited by 24 publications

References 1 publication

Terpolymerization of acrylamide, acrylic acid, and acrylonitrile: Synthesis and properties

Terpolymerization of acrylamide, acrylic acid, and acrylonitrile: Synthesis and properties

Living Nitroxide‐Mediated Radical Terpolymerization: General Concept and Synthetic Possibilities

Novel copolymers of styrene. 14. Halogen ring-trisubstituted butyl 2-cyano-3-phenyl-2-propenoates

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