Terrorism and post-traumatic stress disorder: a historical review

Durodié, Bill; Wainwright, David

doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(18)30335-3

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(164 reference statements)

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“…Disasters resulting in widespread injury, life lose, income decrease and health problems usually have long run impact on psychological states [6]. Literature suggest that the unfamiliarity and uncontrollability of associated risks is related to higher susceptibility of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [7,8]. Previous studies have reported the SARS-related PTSD symptoms in HWs and survivors in Canada [9][10][11][12], Hong Kong [13,14], Taiwan [15,16], and Singapore [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychological states of people after Wuhan eased the lockdown

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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It has been two months since Wuhan eased the lockdown and the people of Wuhan have been under great pressure during COVID-19. The psychological status among healthcare workers and residents were barely know due to the lack of research after Wuhan eased of the lockdown. The purpose of this study was to assess people’s mental health and the changes after Wuhan eased the lockdown. A cross-sectional online study among citizens in Wuhan was conducted. Among 1417 participants, 387(27.0%) were frontline healthcare workers and 1035(73.0%) were residents from the general public. Their COVID-19 psychological status was evaluated using Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), and the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C). Results show that 16.1%,22.3% and 17.2% healthcare workers and 21.2%, 16.7% and 17.2% general public had symptoms of depression, anxiety and PTSD ranging from moderate to severe. Anxiety levels were not significantly different between healthcare workers and the general public. The decreased income and the frequent social media exposure are the risk factors for general public. Compared to the early COVID-19 epidemic period, the proportion of anxiety and depression among both the general public and health workers decreased after Wuhan eased the lockdown. Our finding can be used to help the government of Wuhan to develop psychological interventions to improve the mental health of the population and work as a reference of public health guidelines for other cities with severe COVID-19 outbreak.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychological states of people after Wuhan eased the lockdown

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Durodié and Wainwright (2019) found when studying terrorism studies using PTSD-scales, that first, many of such studies systematically overestimate PTSD, but second, that people are far more resilient than we would expect. In fact, while during the first month there might be acute emotional reactions, these seldom develop into PTSD (Durodié & Wainwright, 2019). Bonanno (2008) made a similar observation more than a decade ago: people are far more resilient than would be expected based on the conclusions often drawn by researchers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

Comment on Dutheil, Mondillon, and Navel (2020): the importance of adjustment disorders and resilience

Overmeire

2020

Psychol. Med.

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“…In the last 20 years, cohort studies dealing with the health impacts of terrorist attacks on civilians have been conducted in the US (following the 11 September, 2001 terrorist attacks), and in Europe (following the 11 March, 2004 train bombings in Madrid, and the Oslo/ Utøya massacre in 2011 [30]). Participations rates in these cohorts ranged from 40 to 70% in the first study waves, and were generally higher in subsequent waves (50 to 75%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-participation and attrition in a longitudinal study of civilians exposed to the January 2015 terrorist attacks in Paris, France

Vuillermoz

Stene

Aubert

et al. 2020

BMC Med Res Methodol

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Background: Non-participation and attrition are rarely studied despite being important methodological issues when performing post-disaster studies. A longitudinal survey of civilians exposed to the January 2015 terrorist attacks in Paris, France, was conducted 6 (Wave 1) and 18 months (Wave 2) after the attacks. We described nonparticipation in Wave 1 and determined the factors associated with attrition in Wave 2. Methods: Multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare participants in both waves with those who participated in the first wave only. Analyses were performed taking the following factors into account: sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to terror, peri-traumatic reactions, psychological support, perceived social support, impact on work, social and family life, and mental health disorders. Characteristics of new participants in Wave 2 were compared with participants in both waves using a chi-square test. Results: Of the 390 persons who were eligible to participate in the survey, 190 participated in Wave 1 (participation rate: 49%). The most frequently reported reason for non-participation was to avoid being reminded of the painful event (32%, n = 34/105). In Wave 2, 67 were lost to follow-up, 141 people participated, of whom 123 participated in Wave 1 (re-participation rate: 65%) and 18 were new. Attrition in Wave 2 was associated with socio-demographic characteristics (age, French origin) and location during the attacks, but not with terror exposure or mental health disorders. Compared with those who participated in both waves, new participants declared less social and psychological support since the attacks. Conclusions: Attrition at 6 months was not associated with exposure to terror or mental health disorders, which indicates that any bias in future analyses on IMPACTS on mental health outcomes will be limited. Our findings suggest the importance of adapting similar surveys for people of foreign origin and of improving strategies to avoid attrition of younger people, for example by using social media, peers, and the educational environment. The present study also revealed that a high level of exposure to terror and a lack of social and psychological support after a terrorist event could impede individuals' participation in similar surveys in the short term.

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Terrorism and post-traumatic stress disorder: a historical review

Cited by 35 publications

References 102 publications

The psychological states of people after Wuhan eased the lockdown

The psychological states of people after Wuhan eased the lockdown

Comment on Dutheil, Mondillon, and Navel (2020): the importance of adjustment disorders and resilience

Non-participation and attrition in a longitudinal study of civilians exposed to the January 2015 terrorist attacks in Paris, France

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