Tertiary Volcanic Rocks, Mogollon-Datil Province, New Mexico, and Surrounding Region: K-Ar Dates, Patterns of Eruption, and Periods of Mineralization

Elston, Wolfgang E.; Damon, Paul E.; Coney, Peter J.; Rhodes, Rodney C.; Smith, Eugene I.; Bikerman, Michael

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<2259:tvrmpn>2.0.co;2

Cited by 31 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Similarly, 40 Ar/ 39 Ar plateau ages from seven widely separated samples are nearly identical, ranging from 27.99 to 28.11 Ma and averaging 28.05 ±.04 Ma. These data strongly support the conclusion that the Bloodgood Canyon Tuff is a single large outflow sheet (Ratté et al, 1984) and oppose the interpretation that exposures north of the Bursum cauldron represent a different eruptive unit, termed the Railroad Canyon Tuff (Elston et al, 1973;Rhodes and Smith, 1976;Elston, 1984). Furthermore, the TRM direction of the Bloodgood Canyon Tuff is sufficiently distinctive to reliably distinguish this unit from four other lithologically similar ignimbrites in the northern part of the field (tuff of Triangle C Ranch,Lemitar Tuff,South Canyon Tuff,tuff of Turkey Springs;Figs.…”

Section: Episode 3 (290 To 274 Ma)supporting

confidence: 58%

“…Caballo Blanco Tuff, 31.7 Ma-The second Episode 2 ignimbrite, the Caballo Blanco Tuff, was erupted at 31.7 Ma and extends over some 10,000 km 2 of the southeastern Mogollon-Datil volcanic field. Although this unit was early recognized as a crystal-rich, low-silica ignimbrite overlying the Kneeling Nun in the southern Black Range (Elston, 1957;Elston et al, 1973), accurate assessment of its extent was prevented by inability to distinguish it from Kneeling Nun and Box Canyon Tuffs. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar data now allow reliable identification of the Caballo Blanco outflow sheet.…”

Section: Episode 2 (321 To 314 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleomagnetism and 40Ar/39Ar ages of ignimbrites, Mogollon-Datil volcanic field, southwestern New Mexico

McIntosh¹,

Kedzie²,

Sutter³

1991

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This report presents 40Ar/39Ar sanidine ages and paleomagnetite data for 36 ignimbrites and associated lavas in the Eocene-Oligocene Mogollon-Datil volcanic field of southwestern NM.40Ar/39Ar age spectra from the ignimbrites yield plateau ages that range from 36.2 to 24.3 Ma and show within-sample and within-unit 1s precision of +/- 0.5% or better. These ages agree closely with independently established stratigraphic order and indicate that Mogollon-Datil ignimbrite activity was highly episodic, being confined to four brief (< 2.6 Ma) eruptive intervals separated by 1.5-3 Ma long hiatuses.Ignimbrite outflow sheets show stable paleomagnetic remanence directions that are uniform over most of their areal extents, including facies ranging from thick, densely welded proximal ignimbrites to unwelded distal fringes as thin as 1.5 m.Used in concert with lithologic and stratigraphic position data, 40Ar/39Ar ages and paleomagnetic directions allow accurate long-range ignimbrite correlations that provide reliable ties between previously established subregional stratigraphic sequences. These correlations have helped to establish an integrated time-stratigraphic framework for the Mogollon-Datil volcanic field.

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Section: Episode 3 (290 To 274 Ma)supporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Episode 2 (321 To 314 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleomagnetism and 40Ar/39Ar ages of ignimbrites, Mogollon-Datil volcanic field, southwestern New Mexico

McIntosh¹,

Kedzie²,

Sutter³

1991

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“…Chemically, there are only minor differences between Perlite and midden pebbles. Midden pebbles found on P. barbatus nest mounds and Perlite are both volcanic rocks which contain the same major elements found in all silicate minerals (Elston et al, 1973). Expanded Perlite clumps together to form small balls that are roughly the size of midden pebbles.…”

Section: Experimental Manipulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbons on Harvester Ant (Pogonomyrmex barbatus) Middens Guide Foragers to the Nest

2011

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Colony-specific cuticular hydrocarbons are used by social insects in nestmate recognition. Here, we showed that hydrocarbons found on the mound of Pogonomyrmex barbatus nests facilitate the return of foragers to the nest. Colony-specific hydrocarbons, which ants use to distinguish nestmates from non-nestmates, are found on the midden pebbles placed on the nest mound. Midden hydrocarbons occur in a concentration gradient, growing stronger near the nest entrance, which is in the center of a 1-2 m diameter nest mound. Foraging behavior was disrupted when the gradient of hydrocarbons was altered experimentally. When midden material was diluted with artificial pebbles lacking the colony-specific hydrocarbons, the speed of returning foragers decreased significantly. The chemical environment of the nest mound contributes to the regulation of foraging behavior in harvester ants.

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“…The southern Rio Grande rift developed within Paleoproterozoic continental lithosphere (Figure 1). In this region, post-40 Ma volcanism resulted in the voluminous intermediate to silicic composition volcanic rocks of the Mogollon-Datil volcanic field, which is a part of the silicic ignimbrite flare-up that affected the southern Rocky Mountain region in the Oligocene (Figure 10a) (Elston et al, 1973). After 20 Ma, and in concert with the onset of lithospheric extension in this region, volcanism became dominantly basaltic both in the Rio Grande rift and along the SE margin of the adjacent Colorado Plateau (Figure 10a) (Baldridge et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Metasomatized Continental Lithospheric Mantle Involvement in Cenozoic Magmatism From Ta/Th Values, Southwestern North America

Farmer

Fritz

Glazner

2020

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The accessory minerals rutile and apatite are rare or absent in the convecting upper mantle but occur in shallow, cooler, metasomatized continental lithospheric mantle (CLM) where they serve as carrier phases for the trace elements Ta (in rutile) and Th (in apatite). Because both minerals crystallize near-solidus and are eliminated early during partial mantle melting, the relative abundances of rutile and apatite should control the Ta and Th abundances of mantle melts and provide a means of identifying the involvement of rutile-and/or apatite-bearing metasomatized CLM in mafic continental magmatism. As a test, we investigated published Ta and Th abundances data from~2,000 whole-rock samples of mafic to intermediate composition, Cenozoic volcanic rocks in southwestern North America. Roughly half of the samples have Ta/Th values similar to those of island arc volcanic rocks (<0.2) or ocean island and mid-ocean ridge basalts (>0.6). The remaining samples have intermediate and variable Ta/Th values between 0.2 and 0.6, independent of specific indices of crustal interaction (e.g., wt% P 2 O 5 /wt% K 2 O). We interpret the intermediate Ta/Th rocks as the products of direct melting of, or of extensive melt-rock interaction with, rutile-and/or apatite-bearing CLM. Intermediate Ta/Th rocks also have uniformly high 87 Sr/ 86 Sr (0.706 to 0.708) compared to oceanic basalts that, unlike their Nd isotopic compositions, do not covary with lithospheric age. These observations are consistent with widespread metasomatism of the CLM by Sr-rich, Nd-poor, aqueous fluids generated by dehydration of oceanic lithosphere, and its overlying tectonic mélange during early Cenozoic subduction beneath southwestern North America.Plain Language Summary Volcanism occurred throughout southwestern North America (SWNA) over the past 40 million years, but exactly what melted to produce the resulting volcanic rocks is unclear. We address this issue by investigating the relative amounts of the elements tantalum (Ta) and thorium (Th) in these volcanic rocks. In oceanic settings, volcanic rocks have well-defined Ta/Th values either from~0.6 to~1 for oceanic islands and ocean floor basalts or <0.2 for island-arc volcanoes. But in SWNA, approximately 40% of the~2,000 volcanic rocks for which Ta and Th abundances are available have variable and intermediate Ta/Th values (0.2 to 0.6) that occur independently of chemical indicators used to identify interaction between continental crust and ascending magmas. We suggest that the intermediate Ta/Th values reflect melting of mantle directly beneath the continent that contains minerals that concentrate Ta and Th, such as rutile (a titanium oxide) and apatite (a calcium phosphate). Both minerals can precipitate from water-rich fluids that cool when infiltrating and altering the continental mantle but readily melt upon subsequent heating. We conclude that hydrated, rutile-and/or apatite-bearing continental mantle was widespread beneath SWNA and was an important contributor to the magmas from which the intermediate...

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Tertiary Volcanic Rocks, Mogollon-Datil Province, New Mexico, and Surrounding Region: K-Ar Dates, Patterns of Eruption, and Periods of Mineralization

Cited by 31 publications

References 8 publications

Paleomagnetism and 40Ar/39Ar ages of ignimbrites, Mogollon-Datil volcanic field, southwestern New Mexico

Paleomagnetism and 40Ar/39Ar ages of ignimbrites, Mogollon-Datil volcanic field, southwestern New Mexico

Hydrocarbons on Harvester Ant (Pogonomyrmex barbatus) Middens Guide Foragers to the Nest

Identifying Metasomatized Continental Lithospheric Mantle Involvement in Cenozoic Magmatism From Ta/Th Values, Southwestern North America

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