TESS Full Orbital Phase Curve of the WASP-18b System

Shporer, Avi; Wong, Ian; Huang, Chelsea X.; Line, Michael R.; Stassun, Keivan G.; Fetherolf, Tara; Kane, Stephen R.; Bouma, Luke G.; Daylan, Tansu; Guenther, Maximilian N.; Ricker, G.; Latham, David W.; Vanderspek, R.; Seager, Sara; Winn, Joshua N.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Glidden, Ana; Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.; Ting, Eric B.; Li, Jie; Haworth, Kari

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab0f96

Cited by 101 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Together with the other published phase curves of WASP-18 (Shporer et al 2019), WASP-121 (Bourrier et al 2019;Daylan et al 2019), and KELT-9 (Wong et al 2020b), this work underscores the TESS Mission's potential as a powerful tool for exoplanet phase curve studies. Building on the groundwork laid by similar studies in the Kepler era, TESS will greatly expand the possibilities of space-based time-domain science with its broad sky coverage: throughout the two-year Primary Mission and continuing through the recently approved Extended Mission, TESS will image almost the entire sky.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

TESS Phase Curve of the Hot Jupiter WASP-19b

Wong

Benneke

Shporer

et al. 2020

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We analyze the phase curve of the short-period transiting hot Jupiter system WASP-19, which was observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS ) in Sector 9. WASP-19 is one of only five transiting exoplanet systems with full-orbit phase curve measurements at both optical and infrared wavelengths. We measure a secondary eclipse depth of 470 +130 −110 ppm and detect a strong atmospheric brightness modulation signal with a semiamplitude of 319 ± 51 ppm. No significant offset is detected between the substellar point and the region of maximum brightness on the dayside. There is also no significant nightside flux detected, which is in agreement with the nightside effective blackbody temperature of 1090 +190 −250 derived from the published Spitzer phase curves for this planet. Placing the eclipse depth measured in the TESS bandpass alongside the large body of previous values from the literature, we carry out the first atmospheric retrievals of WASP-19b's secondary eclipse spectrum using the SCARLET code. The retrieval analysis indicates that WASP-19b has a dayside atmosphere consistent with an isotherm at T = 2240±40 K and a visible geometric albedo of 0.16±0.04, indicating significant contribution from reflected starlight in the TESS bandpass and moderately efficient daynight heat transport.For transiting systems, the full-orbit phase curve contains both the transit (i.e., when the planet passes in front of the host star) and the secondary eclipse (i.e., when the planet is occulted by the host star), as well as sinusoidal brightness modulations throughout the outof-eclipse light curve. During the secondary eclipse, the light from the planet is blocked. The depth of this occultation event is a sum of the thermal emission from the planet and any reflected starlight, which is dependent on the planet's geometric albedo at the observed wavelengths.Outside of these eclipse events, the shape of the measured phase curve is a superposition of contributions from the longitudinal variation of the planet's atmospheric brightness and photometric variability induced by gravitational interactions between the planet and the host star. For most short-period exoplanetary systems, the most prominent component in the phase curve is the atmospheric brightness modulation. These plan-

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

TESS Phase Curve of the Hot Jupiter WASP-19b

Wong

Benneke

Shporer

et al. 2020

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“…WASP-100b's geometric albedo of 0.17 ± 0.05 is among the highest measured from a TESS phase curve so far, comparable to the geometric albedo of WASP-19b (Wong et al 2019) and significantly greater than that measured of WASP-18b (Shporer et al 2019) and WASP-121b (Daylan et al 2019). The albedo we measure is in line with the expectation for hot-Jupiters to have a relatively low reflectivity in the optical to near-infrared transition regime (Mallonn et al 2019) and is similar to that of several hot-Jupiters observed by Kepler (Angerhausen et al 2015).…”

Section: Wasp-100b In Contextmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Of the three hot-Jupiter phase curves which have been observed by TESS so far (Shporer et al 2019;Daylan et al 2019;Bourrier et al 2019;Wong et al 2019), WASP-100b is the first to show a thermal phase shift indicative of efficient heat transport in its atmosphere. The magnitude of its 71 ± 4 • hotspot offset is rivaled only by the phase shift of υ Andromedae b, which has been measured to be (84.5 ± 2.3) • (Crossfield et al 2010).…”

Section: Wasp-100b In Contextmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Detection of the phase curve and occultation of WASP-100b with TESS

Jansen

Kipping

2020

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We report the detection of the full orbital phase curve and occultation of the hot-Jupiter WASP-100b using TESS photometry. The phase curve is isolated by suppressing low frequency stellar and instrumental modes using both a non-parametric harmonic notch filter (phasma) and semi-sector long polynomials. This yields a phase curve signal of (73 ± 9) ppm amplitude, preferred over a null-model by ∆BIC = 25, indicating very strong evidence for an observed effect. We recover the occultation event with a suite of five temporally localized tools, including Gaussian processes and cosine filtering. This allows us to infer an occultation depth of (100 ± 14) ppm, with an additional ±16 ppm systematic error from the differences between methods. We regress a model including atmospheric reflection, emission, ellipsoidal variations and Doppler beaming to the combined phase curve and occultation data. This allows us to infer that WASP-100b has a geometric albedo of A g = 0.16 +0.04 −0.03 in the TESS bandpass, with a maximum dayside brightness temperature of (2710 ± 100) K and a warm nightside temperature of (2380 +170 −200 ) K. Additionally, we find evidence that WASP-100b has a high thermal redistribution efficiency, manifesting as a substantial eastward hotspot offset of (71 +2 −4 ) • . These results present the first measurement of a thermal phase shift among the phase curves observed by TESS so far, and challenge the predicted efficiency of heat transport in the atmospheres of ultra-hot Jupiters.

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“…Such ellipsoidal deformation is predicted to produce a photometric modulation with an amplitude of ∼80 ppm. Such signals have been detected in the HAT-P-7 and WASP-18 systems using photometric time series from space-borne telescopes (Welsh et al 2010;Shporer et al 2019). Because of relative faintness of the host star (V = 11.7 mag), the ellipsoidal flux modulation in the WASP-12 system would be possible with such instruments as TESS (Ricker et al 2014) or CHEOPS (Broeg et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Apparently Eccentric Orbit of the Exoplanet WASP-12 b as a Radial Velocity Signature of Planetary-induced Tides in the Host Star

Maciejewski

Niedzielski

Villaver

et al. 2020

ApJ

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Massive exoplanets on extremely tight orbits, such as WASP-12 b, induce equilibrium tides in their host stars. Following the orbital motion of the planet, the tidal fluid flow in the star can be detected with the radial velocity method. Its signature manifests as the second harmonics of the orbital frequency that mimics a non-zero orbital eccentricity. Using the new radial velocity measurements acquired with the HARPS-N spectrograph at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo and combining them with the literature data, we show that the apparent eccentricity of WASP-12 b's orbit is non-zero at a 5.8 sigma level, and the longitude of periastron of this apparently eccentric orbit is close to 270 degrees. This orbital configuration is compatible with a model composed of a circular orbit and a signature of tides raised in the host star. The radial velocity amplitude of those tides was found to be consistent with the equilibrium tide approximation. The tidal deformation is predicted to produce a flux modulation with an amplitude of 80 ppm which could be detected using space-born facilities.

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TESS Full Orbital Phase Curve of the WASP-18b System

Cited by 101 publications

References 92 publications

TESS Phase Curve of the Hot Jupiter WASP-19b

TESS Phase Curve of the Hot Jupiter WASP-19b

Detection of the phase curve and occultation of WASP-100b with TESS

An Apparently Eccentric Orbit of the Exoplanet WASP-12 b as a Radial Velocity Signature of Planetary-induced Tides in the Host Star

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