Test of a Conceptual Model to Explain Television Exposure of Head Start Children

Swindle, Taren; Jarrett, Diane; McKelvey, Lorraine; Whiteside-Mansell, Leanne; Edge, Nicola A. Conners; Kraleti, Shashank

doi:10.1177/0009922817738340

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 82 publications

(127 reference statements)

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“…Existing cross-sectional and longitudinal research corroborates that screen time profoundly impacts child health (Anderson et al, 2017;Domingues-Montanari, 2017;Garmy et al, 2018;Gentile et al, 2014;Hoge, Bickham, & Cantor, 2017;Jackson & Cunningham, 2017;Nightingale et al, 2017;Swindle et al, 2017;Verlinden et al, 2012), including obesity (Garmy et al, 2018;Jackson & Cunningham, 2017;Nightingale et al, 2017) and aggressive behaviours (Anderson et al, 2017;Gentile et al, 2014;Verlinden et al, 2012). Poor child health status is an independent risk factor for lower academic achievement among poor children (Flores et al, 1999;Spernak et al, 2006).…”

Section: Spearman Correlations Of Screen Time and Sleep Variables Withmentioning

confidence: 91%

Screen time use impacts low‐income preschool children's sleep quality, tiredness, and ability to fall asleep

Waller

Zhang

Cocci

et al. 2021

Child

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Background Sleep is increasingly recognized as a vital part of health. Screen time has been linked to sleep quality in children. The purpose of this study was to analyze associations between screen time and sleep characteristics among low‐income preschoolers. Methods A total of 1,700 preschool‐aged children participated in this study at 50 federally and state‐funded preschool centers in Michigan. Baseline measurement for an ongoing longitudinal intervention trial was obtained for cross‐sectional use. At baseline, parents reported the number of hours their child spent engaging in screen time on a typical week day and weekend. An aggregate measure of total screen time was created. Parents reported on the quality of their child's sleep, how often they were tired during the day, and whether they had difficulty falling asleep. A mixed model linear regression was created to analyze data. Results Controlling for child's age, race, and parental income, children who engaged in more screen time were significantly more likely to have more trouble falling or staying asleep, be tired during the day, and had worse quality of sleep (P values = .004, .006 and .001, respectively). Spearman correlations of screen time, sleep variables and demographics show parents of Black children reported significantly higher weekly screen time than parents of non‐Black children (r = 0.23, P < .001) and that tiredness was associated with Black race (r = 0.15, P < .001), Hispanic/Latino ethnicity (r = −0.14, P < .001), and parental education (r = 0.06, P = .016). Conclusion This report confirms prior associations between screen time and sleep reported in other pediatric populations. Further research is needed to confirm these results in other populations using more rigorous measures of screen time, sleep, and physical activity, as well as longitudinal assessments. Despite these limitations, findings suggest that interventions to help parents limit children's screen time and impact their sleep health merit investigation.

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Section: Spearman Correlations Of Screen Time and Sleep Variables Withmentioning

confidence: 91%

Screen time use impacts low‐income preschool children's sleep quality, tiredness, and ability to fall asleep

Waller

Zhang

Cocci

et al. 2021

Child

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Measurement of screen time among young children aged 0–6 years: A systematic review

2021

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The impact of screen-based devices on children's health and development cannot be properly understood without valid and reliable tools that measure screen time within the evolving digital landscape. This review aimed to summarize characteristics of measurement tools used to assess screen time in young children; evaluate reporting of psychometric properties; and examine time trends related to measurement and reporting of screen time. A systematic review of articles published in English across three databases from January 2009 to April 2020 was undertaken using PROSPERO protocol (registration: CRD42019132599) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Included articles measured screen time as outcome, exposure, or confounder in children 0-6 years. The search identified 35,868 records, 1035 full-text articles were screened for eligibility, and 622 met inclusion criteria. Most measures (60%) consisted of one to three items and assessed duration of screen time on a usual day. Few measures assessed content (11%) or coviewing (7%). Only 40% of articles provided a citation for the measure, and only 69 (11%) reported psychometric properties-reliability n = 58, validity n = 19, reliability and validity n = 8. Between 2009 and 2019, the number of published articles increased from 28 to 71. From 2015, there was a notable increase in the proportion of articles published each year that assessed exposure to mobile devices in addition to television. The increasing number of published articles reflects increasing interest in screen time exposure among young children. Measures of screen time have generally evolved to reflect children's contemporary digital landscape; however, the psychometric properties of measurement tools are rarely reported. There is a need for improved measures and reporting to capture the complexity of children's screen time exposures.

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Family as a health promotion setting: A scoping review of conceptual models of the health-promoting family

2021

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Background The family is a key setting for health promotion. Contemporary health promoting family models can establish scaffolds for shaping health behaviors and can be useful tools for education and health promotion. Objectives The objective of this scoping review is to provide details as to how conceptual and theoretical models of the health promoting potential of the family are being used in health promotion contexts. Design Guided by PRISMA ScR guidelines, we used a three-step search strategy to find relevant papers. This included key-word searching electronic databases (Medline, PSycINFO, Embase, and CINAHL), searching the reference lists of included studies, and intentionally searching for grey literature (in textbooks, dissertations, thesis manuscripts and reports.) Results After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, the overall search generated 113 included manuscripts/chapters with 118 unique models. Through our analysis of these models, three main themes were apparent: 1) ecological factors are central components to most models or conceptual frameworks; 2) models were attentive to cultural and other diversities, allowing room for a wide range of differences across family types, and for different and ever-expanding social norms and roles; and 3) the role of the child as a passive recipient of their health journey rather than as an active agent in promoting their own family health was highlighted as an important gap in many of the identified models. Conclusions This review contributes a synthesis of contemporary literature in this area and supports the priority of ecological frameworks and diversity of family contexts. It encourages researchers, practitioners and family stakeholders to recognize the value of the child as an active agent in shaping the health promoting potential of their family context.

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Test of a Conceptual Model to Explain Television Exposure of Head Start Children

Cited by 4 publications

References 82 publications

Screen time use impacts low‐income preschool children's sleep quality, tiredness, and ability to fall asleep

Screen time use impacts low‐income preschool children's sleep quality, tiredness, and ability to fall asleep

Measurement of screen time among young children aged 0–6 years: A systematic review

Family as a health promotion setting: A scoping review of conceptual models of the health-promoting family

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