Test of the activity budget hypothesis on Asiatic ibex in Tian Shan Mountains of Xinjiang, China

Xu, Feng; Ming, Ma; Yang, Weishen; Blank, David A.; Wu, Yiqun

doi:10.1007/s10344-011-0542-x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In this context, the ABH postulates that remaining in a group with individuals that have different activity patterns should be potentially costly (e.g. Conradt, 1998a;Ruckstuhl, 1998Ruckstuhl, , 1999Ruckstuhl & Neuhaus, 2002;Xu, Ma, Yang, Blank, & Wu, 2012), so that differences in activity synchrony should therefore also contribute to social segregation between females around the lambing period.…”

Section: <H1>discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social behaviour as a predominant driver of sexual, age-dependent and reproductive segregation in Mediterranean mouflon

et al. 2018

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Segregation between the sexes or related to age and/or reproductive status is common in many animal taxa, particularly in dimorphic species. The causes of this segregation remain difficult to disentangle, despite numerous attempts. This is probably due to the difficulty of obtaining sufficient data on animal behaviour (e.g. habitat use, activity budgets) and group composition (age/sex and reproductive status) during the various phases of the species' reproductive cycle. Based on an intensive long-term monitoring of a Mediterranean mouflon, Ovis gmelini musimon x Ovis sp., population, we concurrently assessed five hypotheses for segregation linked to forage selection (FSH), reproductive strategy (RSH), social preference (SPH), activity budget (ABH) and weather sensitivity (WSH). We found marked segregation between most age/sex classes. Age-dependent segregation among males was increasingly marked as their age difference increased and segregation between the sexes also increased as males became older and larger. Over the year, segregation between sex, age and reproductive status classes was lowest during the rut. We also observed the highest synchrony of activity in groups composed of individuals of similar age/sex class or reproductive status. Females occurred closer to both secure and high-quality food habitats,

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Section: <H1>discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social behaviour as a predominant driver of sexual, age-dependent and reproductive segregation in Mediterranean mouflon

et al. 2018

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“…This is also true in other small or medium sized ungulates including Tibetan gazelle ( P . picticaudata ) [11], Asiatic ibex ( Capra sibirica ) [12, 13], and goitred gazelle [14]. However, standing rest seems common in large body-sized ungulates like the Asiatic wild ass ( Equus hemionus ) which spend nearly one third of their rest time standing [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Puppet resting behavior in the Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii)

Luo

Wang

Yang³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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Rest contributes a large part of animals’ daily life, and animals usually rest in two ways, standing or in recumbence. Small or medium sized ungulates bed to rest in most cases, and standing rest is very rare and hardly seen. Here we described a standing rest behavior of Tibetan antelopes (Pantholops hodgsonii) living on the Tibet Plateau which has not been reported before. We named the standing rest behavior Puppet behavior, since the antelope stand still for a certain time. Of the 304 individuals observed, 48.3% (98/203) of adult and sub-adult males expressed the Puppet behavior, whereas only 6.3% (6/96) of females did, indicating an obvious sexual difference. Puppet behavior occurred more frequently at noon and in the afternoon on sunny and cloudy days, meaning that daytime and weather were both influential factors. Puppet behavior was usually accompanied with rumination and sometimes ended with leg-shaking. Our results suggest that Puppet behavior may be an adaptive form of rest, which may serve a thermoregulatory and anti-predation function, and may be simpler and safer than recumbent rest.

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“…When they stand, they are usually dealing with feeding or alert, and we had never seen their rest while standing. This is also true in other small or medium sized ungulates including Tibetan gazelle (P. picticaudata) [11], Asiatic ibex (Capra sibirica) [12,13], and goitred gazelle [14]. However, standing rest seems common in large body-sized ungulates, just like Asiatic wild ass (Equus hemionus), they spend nearly one third to rest [14].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tibetan antelope rests like a Puppet

Luo

Wang

Yang

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Rest contributes to a large part of animals' daily life, and animals usually 11 rest in two ways, standing or in recumbence. For small or medium sized ungulates, 12 they bed to rest in most cases, and standing rest is very rare and hardly seen. Here we 13 described a standing rest behaviour of medium sized Tibetan antelopes (Pantholops 14 hodgsonii) living on the roof of the world, Tibet Plateau, which has not been reported 15 before. We named the standing rest behaviour here as Puppet behaviour, since the 16 antelope can stand still for a certain time just like a Puppet. Of the total 304 focal 17 individuals, 48.3% (98/203) of adult and sub-adult males expressed the Puppet 18 behaviour, whereas only 6.3% (6/96) of females did, indicating an obvious sexual 19 difference. Puppet behaviour occurred more frequently at noon and in the afternoon 20 on sunny and cloudy days, meaning that day time and weather were both influential 21 factors. Puppet behaviour was usually accompanied with rumination and sometimes 22 ended with leg-shaking. Our results suggest that Puppet behaviour is probably an 23 adaptive form of rest, which serves a thermoregulatory and anti-predation function, 24 and is much simpler and safer than recumbent rest. 25 26 27 28Animals usually behave in a relatively fixed manner, and these common 29 behaviours can be classified into several categories, including feeding, resting, 30 moving, alerting, grooming, etc. Animals need rest or sleep to perform a number of 31 physiological functions such as saving energy, thermoregulation, and maintenance of 32 their immune system [1, 2]. Generally, animals need to sleep or take rest for 2 to more 33 than 20 hours a day to recover from the exhaustion due to daily activities [3][4][5][6] . Even 34 during the daytime, animals spend a large amount of their time to rest [3]. 35

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Test of the activity budget hypothesis on Asiatic ibex in Tian Shan Mountains of Xinjiang, China

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Social behaviour as a predominant driver of sexual, age-dependent and reproductive segregation in Mediterranean mouflon

Social behaviour as a predominant driver of sexual, age-dependent and reproductive segregation in Mediterranean mouflon

Puppet resting behavior in the Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii)

Tibetan antelope rests like a Puppet

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