Test of the Gravitational Inverse Square Law at Millimeter Ranges

Yang, Shan-Qing; Zhan, Bi-Fu; Wang, Qinglan; Shao, Cheng-Gang; Tu, Lai; Tan, Wen-Hai; Luo, Jun

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.108.081101

Cited by 131 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Accordingly a crude estimation has been made on the possible constraints for these types of Lorentz invariance violation [7], predicted to be tested to the level of 10 −8 to 10 −10 m 2 using short-range experiments, such as the EotWash [8,9], Wuhan [10,11], and Bloomington [12] experiments. However, for the latter two results, edge effects are not considered properly.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The design and operation of the experiment are described in Ref. [11]. Here we summarize briefly the basic features as shown in Fig.2.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Each of them is functions of the coefficients (k eff ) JKLM , such as in Eq. (11). However, the nine signal components are insufficient to constrain independently each of the 15 degrees of freedom in (k eff ) JKLM .…”

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Search for Lorentz invariance violation through tests of the gravitational inverse square law at short ranges

Shao

Tan

et al. 2015

Phys. Rev. D

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A search for sidereal variations in the non-Newtonian force between two tungsten plates separated at millimeter ranges sets experimental limits on Lorentz invariance violation involving quadratic couplings of Riemann curvature. We show that the Lorentz invariance violation force between two finite flat plates is dominated by the edge effects, which includes a suppression effect leading to lower limits than previous rough estimates. From this search, we determine the current best constraints of the Lorentz invariance violating coefficients at a level of 10 −8 m 2 .PACS numbers: 04.25.Nx,04.80.Cc Local Lorentz invariance is at the foundation of both the Standard Model of particles physics and General Relativity (GR), however, the later theory is formulated as a classical theory, which demands some changes in its foundational structure to merge gravity with quantum mechanics. Even if local Lorentz invariance is exact in the underlying theory of quantum gravity, spontaneous breaking of this symmetry may occur, leading to tiny observable effects [1,2]. On the other hand, Lorentz violations could also be large but "hard-to-see", despite many experiments to date setting very tight bounds across many physical sectors [3]. This would occur if the Lorentz invariance violation is "countershaded" as pointed out in ref [4]. Thus in general, the investigation of local Lorentz invariance violations in the spacetime theory of gravity is a valuable tool to probe the foundations of GR [5,6] without preconceived notions of the numeric sensitivity.Recently, the studies of Lorentz invariance violation in the pure-gravity sector shows that general quadratic curvature coupling will lead to interesting new effects in short-range experiments that could have escaped detection in conventional studies to date [7]. Accordingly a crude estimation has been made on the possible constraints for these types of Lorentz invariance violation [7], predicted to be tested to the level of 10 −8 to 10 −10 m 2 using short-range experiments, such as the EotWash [8, 9], Wuhan [10,11], and Bloomington[12] experiments. However, for the latter two results, edge effects are not considered properly. In this work we obtain the best current constraint of the Lorentz invariance violation at level 10 −8 m 2 from a detailed reanalysis of prior data taken from the Wuhan experiment (HUST-2011).Effective field theory is a powerful and unique tool for investigating physics at attainable scales, and is suited for exploration of local Lorentz invariance in gravity. For centuries after Newton's Principia, our experimental understanding of gravity remains in some respects remark- * E-mail: junluo@sysu.edu.cn † E-mail: michael.tobar@uwa.edu.au ably limited. We are confident that Newton's law describes the dominant physics in long-range gravity and GR provides accurate relativistic corrections. However, in short-range gravity, it is presently unknown whether gravity obeys Newton's law, and many models attempting to unify gravity and the other fundamental forces in the same...

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“…The design and operation of the experiment are described in Ref. [11]. Here we summarize briefly the basic features as shown in Fig.2.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Search for Lorentz invariance violation through tests of the gravitational inverse square law at short ranges

Shao

Tan

et al. 2015

Phys. Rev. D

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“…In this paper, we focus on searching for LLI violation in pure-gravity sector for d = 6, which has been widely tested by short-range gravitational experiments, since the short-range experiments are better than other experiments to probe higher dimension coefficients with r-dependence. The best current limit for d = 6 is at 10 −9 m 2 [25], which is given by a combined analysis for lab-based on-ground experiments HUST-2011 [26], HUST-2015 [27], IU-2002 and IU-2012 [28]. Based on the experiment performed in our lab, the test of the gravitational inverse square law, we have proposed a simple scheme to greatly enlarge the LLI violation signal [29].…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental Design for Testing Local Lorentz Invariance Violations in Gravity

2017

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Local Lorentz invariance is an important component of General Relativity. Testing for Local Lorentz invariance can not only probe the foundation stone of General Relativity but also help to explore the unified theory for General Relativity and quantum mechanics. In this paper, we search the Local Lorentz invariance violation associated with operators of mass dimension d = 6 in the pure-gravity sector with short-range gravitational experiments. To enlarge the Local Lorentz invariance violation signal effectively, we design a new experiment in which the constraints of all fourteen violation coefficients may be improved by about one order of magnitude.

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“…The width of each strip should also be of the same order of millimeters. The general design is based on the I-shaped pendulum used in our previous work [20,21]. The pendulum, shown in …”

Section: A Test Masses and Torsion Pendulummentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced sensitivity to Lorentz invariance violations in short-range gravity experiments

et al. 2016

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Recently, first limits on putative Lorentz invariance violation coefficients in the pure gravity sector were determined by the reanalysis of short-range gravity experiments. Such experiments search for new physics at sidereal frequencies. They are not, however, designed to optimize the signal strength of a Lorentz invariance violation force; in fact the Lorentz violating signal is suppressed in the planar test mass geometry employed in those experiments. We describe a short-range torsion pendulum experiment with enhanced sensitivity to possible Lorentz violating signals. A periodic, striped test mass geometry is used to augment the signal. Careful arrangement of the phases of the striped patterns on opposite ends of the pendulum further enhances the signal while simultaneously suppressing the Newtonian background.

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Test of the Gravitational Inverse Square Law at Millimeter Ranges

Cited by 131 publications

References 23 publications

Search for Lorentz invariance violation through tests of the gravitational inverse square law at short ranges

Search for Lorentz invariance violation through tests of the gravitational inverse square law at short ranges

Experimental Design for Testing Local Lorentz Invariance Violations in Gravity

Enhanced sensitivity to Lorentz invariance violations in short-range gravity experiments

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