Test Performance and Test-Retest Reliability of the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening and King-Devick Test in Adolescent Athletes During a Competitive Sport Season

Worts, Phillip R.; Schatz, Philip; Burkhart, Scott O.

doi:10.1177/0363546518768750

Cited by 49 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…As this study's sample had individuals as old as 14 years, it could be assumed that the faster test times are due to older athletes having faster ocular motor skills. Worts and colleagues sample produced faster times (44.57 seconds);however, participants were high school athletes, whereas the current study consisted of younger aged individuals. Normative values can provide additive benefit for comparison of data in the absence of an individualized baseline assessment, or to better understand the percentile scoring of a test if there are questions or concerns over test performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…The test is completed two times due to a learning effect, and the baseline score is then recorded as the faster of the two trials of the three sets of cards, without making errors. Using previously published methodology, errors were recorded similar to post‐concussion analysis . For the purpose of this study, time was recorded for each test card of each trial, as well as total errors per trial, to better produce normative reference values.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using previously published methodology, errors were recorded similar to post-concussion analysis. 15,16 For the purpose of this study, time was recorded for each test card of each trial, as well as total errors per trial, to better produce normative reference values. This study utilized the hard copy, plastic test cards.…”

Section: King-devick Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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King‐Devick test normative reference values and internal consistency in youth football and soccer athletes

Moran

Covassin

2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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The King-Devick (K-D) test has gained popularity as a sideline concussion assessment tool, comprising of visual tracking and saccadic eye movements. However, limited normative data exist for youth athletes under the age of 13. The purpose of this study was to establish normative reference values and examine the internal consistency of the K-D test in youth athletes. The K-D test was administered to 422 youth football and soccer athletes prior to their respective season. The average K-D score was 54.29 ± 11.5 seconds. Across the two trials, 55% of participants committed at least one error. Overall, the K-D test demonstrated a high internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.92) when administered at baseline. Inter-item correlations revealed a moderate-to-strong relationship between test cards and trials (r range = 0.71 to 0.95; P < 0.001), along with test cards and baseline K-D time (r range = 0.85 to 0.94; P < 0.001). Although the K-D test was consistent during baseline testing, the high percentage of errors at baseline makes the K-D test questionable for post-concussion comparisons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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King‐Devick test normative reference values and internal consistency in youth football and soccer athletes

Moran

Covassin

2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…Of note, although it is broadly acknowledged that concussion is a multi-dimensional problem [4], most research has focused on imaging, neuropsychological and symptom testing [4, 7–9]. While there has been an increasing amount of studies looking into vestibular impairments in concussion patients in the last years [10–13], there is still a lack of understanding [14]. This lake of understanding might partly be due to the complexity of interpreting the overall result from a vestibular evaluation, which consists of multiple tests that each provide valuable information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial intelligence for understanding concussion: Retrospective cluster analysis on the balance and vestibular diagnostic data of concussion patients

et al. 2019

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Objectives We propose a bottom-up, machine-learning approach, for the objective vestibular and balance diagnostic data of concussion patients, to provide insight into the differences in patients’ phenotypes, independent of existing diagnoses (unsupervised learning). Methods Diagnostic data from a battery of validated balance and vestibular assessments were extracted from the database of the Swiss Concussion Center. The desired number of clusters within the patient database was estimated using Calinski-Harabasz criteria. Complex (self-organizing map, SOM) and standard (k-means) clustering tools were used, and the formed clusters were compared. Results A total of 96 patients (81.3% male, age (median [IQR]): 25.0[10.8]) who were expected to suffer from sports-related concussion or post-concussive syndrome (52[140] days between diagnostic testing and the concussive episode) were included. The cluster evaluation indicated dividing the data into two groups. Only the SOM gave a stable clustering outcome, dividing the patients in group-1 (n = 38) and group-2 (n = 58). A large significant difference was found for the caloric summary score for the maximal speed of the slow phase, where group-1 scored 30.7% lower than group-2 (27.6[18.2] vs. 51.0[31.0]). Group-1 also scored significantly lower on the sensory organisation test composite score (69.0[22.3] vs. 79.0[10.5]) and higher on the visual acuity (-0.03[0.33] vs. -0.14[0.12]) and dynamic visual acuity (0.38[0.84] vs. 0.20[0.20]) tests. The importance of caloric, SOT and DVA, was supported by the PCA outcomes. Group-1 tended to report headaches, blurred vision and balance problems more frequently than group-2 (>10% difference). Conclusion The SOM divided the data into one group with prominent vestibular disorders and another with no clear vestibular or balance problems, suggesting that artificial intelligence might help improve the diagnostic process.

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“…12,13 Güvenirlilik bir ölçümün tekrarları arasındaki kararlılık ve tutarlılık olarak tanımlanmaktadır. 14,15 Spor bilimlerinde araştırma sonuçlarını etkileyecek referans ölçümlerin güvenirliliğini belirlemek için test-tekrar test yöntemi sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. 11,[16][17][18] Bu tür araştırmalarda ölçümler arasındaki ilişki derecesini tanımlamak için sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı [intraclass corelation coefficient (ICC)]; ölçümler arası farklılaşmayı ifade etmek için varyasyon katsayısı [coefficient of variation (CV)]; ölçümler arasındaki farklılaşmanın pratikteki anlamlılığının göstergesi olarak etki boyutu [effect size (ES)] sıklıkla yer almaktadır.…”

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Reliability of Easy Applicable Non-laboratory Methods Used for Determination of the Upper Body Strength

Özbay¹,

Ulupınar²,

Çınar³

et al. 2019

Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci

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Egzersiz ya da benzeri bir müdahalenin etkisini incelemek için modern laboratuvar ölçüm yöntemlerine ulaşmak herkes için ya da her zaman mümkün olmayabilmektedir. Bu tür durumlarda tercih edilen ölçüm yöntemlerinin güvenirliliği bilimsel açıdan oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, üst gövde kuvvetinin belirlenmesinde kullanılan kolay uygulanabilir laboratuvar dışı yöntemlerin güvenirliliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Çalışmada, "bench press", "shoulder press", "biceps curl" ve triceps ekstensiyon egzersizleri, bir tekrar maksimum yük cinsinden; push up, pull up, dip ve crunch egzersizleri maksimum tekrar sayısı cinsinden; trunk fleksiyon (TRF), trunk ekstansiyon (TRE), left lateral fleksiyon (LLF) ve right lateral fleksiyon (RLF) egzersizleri maksimum süre cinsinden ölçülmüştür. Güvenirlilik, test-retest yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Toplam 12 testin hiçbirinde test-retest arasında anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. Üç test için (TRE, RLF ve LLF) sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı (ICC): 0,80-0,90; dokuz test için ICC: 0,90-0,99 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca merkez kuvvetin ölçülmesinde kullanılan crunch, TRE, TRF, RLF ve LLF egzersizlerinin tipik hata ve minimum anlamlı değişim değerlerinin diğer egzersizlere göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. S So on nu uç ç: : Sonuç olarak, bu araştırmada yer alan ve farklı mekanik becerileri ölçen 12 testin güvenilir olduğu saptanmıştır. Ancak, gelecek çalışmalarda, merkez kuvveti ölçmek için kullanılan testlerde alıştırma antrenmanlarının sayısının artırılması ve testlerin en az iki kez tekrarlanması, güvenirliliğin sağlanması açısından tavsiye edilmektedir.

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Test Performance and Test-Retest Reliability of the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening and King-Devick Test in Adolescent Athletes During a Competitive Sport Season

Cited by 49 publications

References 28 publications

King‐Devick test normative reference values and internal consistency in youth football and soccer athletes

King‐Devick test normative reference values and internal consistency in youth football and soccer athletes

Artificial intelligence for understanding concussion: Retrospective cluster analysis on the balance and vestibular diagnostic data of concussion patients

Reliability of Easy Applicable Non-laboratory Methods Used for Determination of the Upper Body Strength

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