Test-retest reliability of the diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder in childhood and adolescence – A systematic review and meta-analysis

Salamon, Sarah; Santelmann, Hanno; Franklin, Jeremy; Baethge, Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.070

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…One premise of this article is that causal diagrams, particularly when they include quantitative values of the component clinical judgments, can facilitate their psychometric evaluation and promote a science-based approach to clinical assessment. 5 The dearth of psychometric evidence for CCFs contrasts with the extensive research on the reliability of diagnoses and symptom identification in psychology and medicine, primarily on the level of between-rater/instrument agreement (e.g., Duncan et al, 2019;and Salamon, Santelmann, Franklin, & Baethge, 2018). Vanheule (2017) reviewed the history, conceptual foundations, and empirical status of psychiatric diagnosis and, consistent with our thesis, argued for the benefits of a CCF approach to behavior problems.…”

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confidence: 75%

“…The dearth of psychometric evidence for CCFs contrasts with the extensive research on the reliability of diagnoses and symptom identification in psychology and medicine, primarily on the level of between-rater/instrument agreement (e.g., Duncan et al, 2019; and Salamon, Santelmann, Franklin, & Baethge, 2018). Vanheule (2017) reviewed the history, conceptual foundations, and empirical status of psychiatric diagnosis and, consistent with our thesis, argued for the benefits of a CCF approach to behavior problems.…”

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confidence: 96%

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A proposed model for the psychometric evaluation of clinical case formulations with quantified causal diagrams.

Haynes

O’Brien

Godoy

2020

Psychological Assessment

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Judgments about a client's behavior problems and treatment goals, and the factors that influence them, are elements of most clinical case formulations (CCFs). These judgments are designed to guide clinicians' selection of the most effective intervention foci. Despite their importance, CCFs have undergone infrequent psychometric evaluations. We describe a model to promote and facilitate the psychometric evaluation of CCFs with quantified causal diagrams. This article presents the conceptual foundations, path analyses, benefits, and limitations of quantified causal diagrams. We first present concepts of causality and causal diagrams that are applicable to CCF and psychopathology. We propose that clinical case formulations causal diagrams can strengthen a science-based approach to clinical assessment, facilitate the psychometric evaluation of CCFs, enhance the specificity, precision, and communicability of clinicians' judgments, help the clinician select the most effective intervention foci, predict the effects of changes in causal variables, and emphasize the importance of "uncertainty" in CCFs. Public Significance StatementClinical case formulations often guide the selection of the best treatment focus and strategy for a patient but have undergone infrequent evaluation of their reliability and validity. This article advances the idea that quantified causal diagrams of clinical case formulations can facilitate their psychometric evaluation and illustrate their assets and limitations.

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confidence: 75%

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confidence: 96%

A proposed model for the psychometric evaluation of clinical case formulations with quantified causal diagrams.

Haynes

O’Brien

Godoy

2020

Psychological Assessment

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“…Одним із наслідків істинного патоморфозу у психіатричній клініці є збільшення у структурі захворюваності питомої ваги ендогенних афективних розладів (здебільшого за рахунок поширення депресії) [1][2][3]. До захворювань, в структурі яких афективні розлади є невід'ємною частиною або складовою, що доповнює продуктивні розлади в період загострення, належать ендогенні психози з епізодичним типом перебігу (ЕПЕП) [4,5]. Це 4 окремих нозологічних одиниці: біполярний афективний розлад, рекурентний депресивний розлад (які можуть бути об'єднані у афективні розлади (АР)), шизоафективний розлад (ШАР) і шизофренія з епізодичним типом перебігу (в теперішній час переважає її параноїдна форма) [7].…”

Section: резюмеunclassified

Modern Scientific Views on the Clinic, Systematics, Diagnosis and Pathopersonalogy of Endogenous Psychosis With Episodic Course (Literature Riview)

Підлубний

Хоміцький

2020

UJMH

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The aim of the study. To study the literature in order to identify modern scientific views on the clinic, systematics, diagnosis and pathopersonalogy of endogenous psychoses with episodic course. Results. The analysis of the literature shows that the diagnostic and classification approaches of endogenous psychoses with episodic course, are focused on polymorphic and variable symptoms of exacerbation of the disease. This leads to diagnostic mistakes, errors in the appointment of maintenance therapy, deterioration of compliance and further deepening of social maladaptation of patients. Refusal to develop the mechanisms of pathogenesis on the basis of the nosological approach will inevitably lead to a regression of the level of treatment and rehabilitation approaches - from ethiopathogenetic to symptomatic. Conclusions. Thus, at present, the importance of diagnostic techniques aimed at assessing and differentiating persistent symptoms of the disease in the period of remission of endogenous psychoses and relate to pathopersonalogical transformations. Research and correct diagnostic assessment of this multicomponent cluster of psychopathological symptoms allows to assess the nosological affiliation of a particular clinical case and to determine the necessary pharmacological and social rehabilitation effects in order to correct existing pathopersonalogical transformations and prevent exacerbation of endogenous psychosis.

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“…Variable stability rates have been reported for psychotic disorders in the literature: meta-analyses have found kappa values ranging from 0.27 to 0.66 for various psychotic disorders (11) and studies report stability rates ranging from 0% to 96.5% depending on sample type (i.e., a research or clinical sample), sample size, and diagnosis (12)(13)(14)(15)(16). In people initially diagnosed with SZ, stability rates have ranged from 60 to 82% (12)(13)(14)16), suggesting that at least around one fifth of patients experience a diagnostic change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Stability of Primary Psychotic Disorders in a Research Sample

et al. 2021

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Psychiatric diagnosis is often treated as a stable construct both clinically and in research; however, some evidence suggests that diagnostic change may be common, which may impact research validity and clinical care. In the present study we examined diagnostic stability in individuals with psychosis over time. Participants with a diagnosis of any psychotic disorder (n = 142) were assessed at two timepoints using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. We found a 25.4% diagnostic change rate across the total sample. People with an initial diagnosis of psychosis not otherwise specified and schizophreniform disorder had the highest rates of change, followed by those with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder; people with bipolar disorder had the lowest change rate. Most participants with an unstable initial diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, bipolar disorder, or psychosis not otherwise specified converted to a final diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder. Participants with an unstable initial diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder most frequently converted to a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Our findings suggest that diagnostic change is relatively common, occurring in approximately a quarter of patients. People with an initial diagnosis of schizophrenia-spectrum disorder were more likely to have a diagnostic change, suggesting a natural stability of some diagnoses more so than others.

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Test-retest reliability of the diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder in childhood and adolescence – A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

A proposed model for the psychometric evaluation of clinical case formulations with quantified causal diagrams.

A proposed model for the psychometric evaluation of clinical case formulations with quantified causal diagrams.

Modern Scientific Views on the Clinic, Systematics, Diagnosis and Pathopersonalogy of Endogenous Psychosis With Episodic Course (Literature Riview)

Diagnostic Stability of Primary Psychotic Disorders in a Research Sample

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