Test, rinse, repeat: A review of carryover effects in rodent behavioral assays

Cnops, Vanja; Iyer, Vinaya Rajagopal; Parathy, Nageiswari; Wong, Peiyan; Dawe, Gavin S.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104560

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 237 publications

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“…Thus, the lack of changes in the control mice was less likely due to a floor effect. Another potential confound of the EPM test is its sensitivity to changes following repeated testing, typically demonstrated at intervals of 24–48 h (Cnops et al 2022). Our EPM data are less likely to be impacted by this effect as the EPM sessions were separated by 17 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of α1-GABA_A receptors in the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus in models of opioid reward, anxiety, and depression

Li,

McElroy,

Phillips

et al. 2024

J Psychopharmacol

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Background: The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT))-mediated system plays an important role in stress-related psychiatric disorders and substance abuse. Our previous studies showed that stress and drug exposure can modulate the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN)-5-HT system via γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors. Moreover, GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition of serotonergic DRN neurons is required for stress-induced reinstatement of opioid seeking. Aim/methods: To further test the role of GABAA receptors in the 5-HT system in stress and opioid-sensitive behaviors, our current study generated mice with conditional genetic deletions of the GABAA α1 subunit to manipulate GABAA receptors in either the DRN or the entire population of 5-HT neurons. The GABAA α1 subunit is a constituent of the most abundant GABAA subtype in the brain and the most highly expressed subunit in 5-HT DRN neurons. Results: Our results showed that mice with DRN-specific knockout of α1-GABAA receptors exhibited a normal phenotype in tests of anxiety- and depression-like behaviors as well as swim stress-induced reinstatement of morphine-conditioned place preference. By contrast, mice with 5-HT neuron-specific knockout of α1-GABAA receptors exhibited an anxiolytic phenotype at baseline and increased sensitivity to post-morphine withdrawal-induced anxiety. Conclusions: Our data suggest that GABAA receptors on 5-HT neurons contribute to anxiety-like behaviors and sensitivity of those behaviors to opioid withdrawal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of α1-GABA_A receptors in the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus in models of opioid reward, anxiety, and depression

Li,

McElroy,

Phillips

et al. 2024

J Psychopharmacol

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“…Learning the TD task first can benefit learning the STM task via generalization 79 , or detriment learning of the STM task due to extinction or interference 80 . To determine whether direct training on the STM is possible and if so beneficial, we trained four other mice (m6, m7, m8, m9) directly on the STM task (“naïve” mice).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dorsal CA1 silencing degrades tactile short-term memory

Someck,

Katz,

Levi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Previous studies in rodents showed that the hippocampus is involved in spatial short-term memory (STM), but hippocampal necessity for maintaining short-term sensory memories is unknown. Here, we develop tactile discrimination and STM tasks for freely-moving mice. Subjects learn to discriminate between textures after four shaping sessions and a single post-shaping session, and learn the STM task within a dozen sessions. Transient closed-loop silencing of dorsal hippocampal region CA1 during memory maintenance degrades task performance, compared to interleaved control blocks. Thus, uninterrupted hippocampal activity is required for acting upon tactile information maintained in STM. The findings suggest that the role of the hippocampus extends beyond spatial navigation, encoding memories, and long-term consolidation of experiences.

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“…Because this relationship is dependent on the same individual undergoing both the Bag Test and Open Field Test, only individuals that had undergone both tests within the same week were used for this analysis (n = 40 deer mice, 16 red-backed voles, and 4 woodland jumping mice). We only used the first observation of each test to reduce the impact of acclimation or learned behaviour from repeated testing (Cnops et al, 2022). To reduce the impact of temporal variables, we only used individuals that underwent both behavioural tests during the same 3-day trapping period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory and risk-taking behaviours in coexisting rodents

Hughes,

Bowman,

Schulte-Hostedde

2024

Preprint

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There has been an increasing interest in modelling the influence of animal personality on species interactions within ecosystems. Animal personality traits associated with dispersal, movement within a home range and risk-taking, including docility and exploration, have been shown to influence an array of environmental variables including seed dispersal and habitat availability. Despite growing interest however, little information is available to model the effects of differences in personality phenotypes among coexisting species. Since coexisting or sympatric species often compete for resources, differences in movement patterns can help mitigate the impact of intra- and interspecific competition. We used two standardized behavioural tests with three species of coexisting rodents in Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario, Canada to measure exploration and docility personality phenotypes. To evaluate personalities, we modelled plastic changes in behaviours within species and phenotypic variation in behavioural strategies among species. We show empirical evidence to support differences in personality phenotypes in coexisting species and consider the importance of alternative personality strategies in shaping community dynamics.

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Test, rinse, repeat: A review of carryover effects in rodent behavioral assays

Cited by 24 publications

References 237 publications

Role of α1-GABA_A receptors in the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus in models of opioid reward, anxiety, and depression

Role of α1-GABA_A receptors in the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus in models of opioid reward, anxiety, and depression

Dorsal CA1 silencing degrades tactile short-term memory

Exploratory and risk-taking behaviours in coexisting rodents

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Test, rinse, repeat: A review of carryover effects in rodent behavioral assays

Cited by 24 publications

References 237 publications

Role of α1-GABAA receptors in the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus in models of opioid reward, anxiety, and depression

Role of α1-GABAA receptors in the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus in models of opioid reward, anxiety, and depression

Dorsal CA1 silencing degrades tactile short-term memory

Exploratory and risk-taking behaviours in coexisting rodents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Role of α1-GABA_A receptors in the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus in models of opioid reward, anxiety, and depression

Role of α1-GABA_A receptors in the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus in models of opioid reward, anxiety, and depression