Testicular and Paratesticular Pathology in Children: a 12‐Year Histopathological Review

Abstract

The variety of scrotal and testicular pathology in children is considerable, with acute pathologic conditions comprising the bulk in the older (7-15 years) children, whereas impalpable testes and neoplasms comprise most of the lesions in infants. Interestingly testicular torsion, vanishing testes, and atrophic testes occur mainly on the left side. Benign testicular neoplasms occur more frequently than primary malignancies.

Testicular tumours in prepubertal children: About eight cases

“…In contrast, the most common GCT in children is benign teratoma and the most common malignant tumour in children is a yolk-sac tumour, which is very rare in its pure form in postpubertal patients. [3,4] Taskinen reported a population of 34 patients with testicular tumour, aged 0.2-18.5 years with 26 prepubertal ones. In 11 of the 34 patients (32%), the tumour was malignant and in 23 (68%) benign.…”

“…These masses are typically hard and painless and must be distinguished from extratesticular masses. [2,4,7] A hydrocele is associated with a testicular tumour in 15-40% of cases, and a thorough examination is needed to determine the presence of other pathology, such as epididymitis, inguinal hernia, and testicular torsion. The latter might manifest as a painless mass in a neonate with little scrotal wall inflammation if it occurred prenatally.…”

Post-orchidectomy retroperitoneal seminoma: A case report

“…The histopathology of undescended testicle tumors in the adult depends on location; it is pure seminoma in more than 90% of the cases when it is intra-abdominal (8,21–23). Moreover the prognosis depends on the initial stage and tumor histology (24–26).…”

Primary paratesticular yolk sac tumor: A case report and review of literature

“…[1] Malignant paratesticular tumors do arise, the most common being rhabdomyosarcoma, a non-germ cell tumor (GCT). [2] GCTs arising from paratesticular tissues are rare, because of which, treatment options are not standardized. Ultrasound (US) and tumor markers aid in the diagnosis and treatment planning.…”