Testicular FasL is expressed by sperm cells

D’Alessio, Alessio; Riccioli, Anna; Lauretti, P; Padula, Fabrizio; Muciaccia, Barbara; Cesaris, Paola De; Filippini, Antonio; Nagata, Shinji; Ziparo, Elio

doi:10.1073/pnas.051566098

Cited by 131 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…75 FasL is predominantly expressed in male germ cells, but not in SCs. 33 Whether FasL that is expressed in the germ cells induces lymphocyte apoptosis and contributes to immune privilege within the seminiferous tubules remains to be investigated. Programmed death receptor-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) is another T-cell tolerance system.…”

Section: Immune Privilege In the Testismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testicular defense systems: immune privilege and innate immunity

et al. 2014

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The mammalian testis possesses a special immunological environment because of its properties of remarkable immune privilege and effective local innate immunity. Testicular immune privilege protects immunogenic germ cells from systemic immune attack, and local innate immunity is important in preventing testicular microbial infections. The breakdown of local testicular immune homeostasis may lead to orchitis, an etiological factor of male infertility. The mechanisms underlying testicular immune privilege have been investigated for a long time. Increasing evidence shows that both a local immunosuppressive milieu and systemic immune tolerance are involved in maintaining testicular immune privilege status. The mechanisms underlying testicular innate immunity are emerging based on the investigation of the pattern recognition receptor-mediated innate immune response in testicular cells. This review summarizes our current understanding of testicular defense mechanisms and identifies topics that merit further investigation.

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Section: Immune Privilege In the Testismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31,32 Fas ligand (FasL) is abundantly expressed in male germ cells. 33 FasL-induced apoptosis of Fas-bearing lymphocytes is an important mechanism for suppression of immune responses. 34 However, whether the FasL expressed in germ cells contributes to testicular immune privilege remains to be elucidated.…”

Section: Immune Privilege In the Testismentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular defense systems: immune privilege and innate immunity

et al. 2014

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“…Moreover, FasL has also been detected on the sperm cell surface [44]. This is especially interesting because it has been previously suggested that (i) FasL may be a protective mechanism so sperm may counteract uterine macrophages and (ii) FasL may present a competitive advantage over other sperm, stimulating apoptosis in adjacent cells [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Apoptosis may be activated through extrinsic mechanisms involving the interaction of Fas and its ligand, FasL [15][16][17]43], a system which controls homeostasis in various tissues [44]. Fas is a type I transmembrane protein that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of the Fas-ligand gene in ejaculated sperm from adolescents with and without varicocele

Giudice

Lima

Cenedeze

et al. 2010

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose To assess FasL mRNA levels in ejaculated sperm from adolescent patients with and without varicocele. Methods Semen was obtained by masturbation following 2-4 days of ejaculatory abstinence, from 14 adolescents with varicocele grades II and III (study group), and 20 adolescents without varicocele (control group). Seminal analysis was done according to World Health Organization guidelines and morphology using Kruger's strict criteria. The Fas-ligand (FasL) gene expression was performed using reverse transcription and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) analysis, according to the expression level of the housekeeping cyclophilin A gene. A Student's t-test was applied to compare the groups, and Spearman's rank test in order to verify possible correlations (p<0.05).Results Quantitative RQ-PCR demonstrated that the expression of FasL mRNA in sperm from the varicocele group was higher than in the control group. Also, sperm concentration was higher in the controls, when compared to the varicocele group. When submitted to correlation analysis, adolescents with varicocele presented a correlation between sperm concentration and FasL gene expression levels (r=−0.470), not observed in controls. Conclusion Our results allow us to conclude that, in adolescents with varicocele presenting lower sperm concentration, FasL mRNA levels are higher than in adolescents without varicocele.

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The role of Fas ligand as an effector molecule in corneal graft rejection

et al. 2005

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Previous studies have shown that the expression of Fas ligand (FasL; CD95L) by donor corneas is critical to their survival when placed on allogeneic recipients. Since there have been reports that the cornea expresses Fas, we tested the idea that FasL on lymphoid cells could be an effector molecule during rejection episodes. When FasL defective BALB/c-gld mice were engrafted with allogeneic corneas, significantly more of these corneas were accepted than by normal BALB/c mice. However, this was not due to impaired FasL-mediated effector function in these mice as the allogeneic corneas did not express detectable Fas by Western blot or RT-PCR analysis. Furthermore, donor corneas without Fas were given no survival advantage, but were rejected similar to wild-type donor allogeneic corneas. Examination of the T cell compartment in gld mice revealed that these cells express higher levels of Fas and are more susceptible to Fas-mediated death than wild-type cells. These results indicate that FasL is not an effector molecule in corneal graft rejection and that gld mice show reduced graft rejection due to greater susceptibility of their T cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis.

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Testicular FasL is expressed by sperm cells

Cited by 131 publications

References 45 publications

Testicular defense systems: immune privilege and innate immunity

Testicular defense systems: immune privilege and innate immunity

Expression of the Fas-ligand gene in ejaculated sperm from adolescents with and without varicocele

The role of Fas ligand as an effector molecule in corneal graft rejection

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