Testicular Germ Cell Tumors with Somatic-type Malignancy

Fan, Jiaming; Guan, Yong; Guo, Charles C.; Wang, Gang

doi:10.14218/jctp.2022.00028

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…We reported a case of an obvious nephroblastic component within a classic testicular post-pubertal teratoma coexisting with GCNIS, supporting its origin from primordial germ cells. According to the current WHO classification, GCT with somatic malignancy is defined as an expansile or infiltrative growth of the epithelial or mesenchymal component measuring ≥ 5 mm [ 10 ]. In our case the largest focus of nephroblastoma measured 6 mm, meeting these criteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…suggested that chemotherapy may be a factor triggering the development of the nephroblastoma component in metastatic GCTs – all but one patient in their cohort received adjuvant chemotherapy after orchiectomy [ 20 ]. This phenomenon could be explained by the selective elimination of chemosensitive GCT with the subsequent outgrowth of chemoresistant somatic tissue and different microenvironment of metastases [ 10 ]. In patients with available outcomes ( n = 11), 3 patients died, 2 were alive with disease, and 6 had no evidence of disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testicular teratoma with nephroblastoma in an adult – case report and literature review

Landin,

Karlsson,

Småland

et al. 2023

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Testicular germ cell tumours are the most common malignancies in young men. Germ cell tumours can be classified as seminomas or non-seminomas, each with different clinical features and treatment approaches. Germ cell tumours are occasionally associated with somatic-type malignancy, particularly in metastatic lymph nodes after adjuvant chemotherapy. Adenocarcinomas and rhabdomyosarcoma are the most common malignancies in this setting. In this report, we present a unique case of a 37-year-old patient who presented with a testicular teratoma containing a nephroblastoma component. The tumour exhibited characteristic morphology that resembled foetal kidney and expressed nuclear WT-1 and PAX-8 on immunohistochemistry. Following surgery, the patient opted for active surveillance and remains disease-free. To date, only 7 cases of nephroblastoma in primary testicular teratoma have been reported. This case highlights the importance of considering this rare entity in the differential diagnosis of testicular teratomas and the need for careful pathological examination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular teratoma with nephroblastoma in an adult – case report and literature review

Landin,

Karlsson,

Småland

et al. 2023

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“…All mediastinal teratomas in our study were mature teratomas, with three cases associated with somatic malignancies, all of which were adenocarcinomas. Fan J et al [22] also observed that 90% of somatic malignancies arising from teratomas were adenocarcinomas. Two of our cases with somatic malignancies succumbed within seven and six months post-surgery respectively (Case 7 and 8) indicating the aggressive nature of this disease.…”

Section: Adults (Post-pubertal)mentioning

confidence: 96%

Clinicopathological Evaluation of Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors - A Retrospective Study from a Regional Cancer Center in India

Ramamurthy,

S Kaushik,

Mysore Narayana

et al. 2024

Asian Pac J Cancer Care

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Introduction: Extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGGCTs) are tumors arising at extragonadal ana-tomical locations. The biological behavior and prognosis of these tumors differ from their gonadal counterparts. Our study aims to analyze their histological subtypes, the outcome, and the prognosis of these lesions at various age groups.Material and Methods: We carried out a retrospective analysis of all patients with EGGCTs diag-nosed from January 2017 to December 2019. Results: Our study included 61 cases of EGGCTs. These cases were divided into neonatal (birth to six months), prepubertal (more than six months to 12 years), and post-pubertal group (>12 years). The most frequently affected group was prepubertal (44.2%). The age ranged from birth to 45 years with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.03. The frequently involved site was sacrococcyx (36%) followed by mediastinum (31.1%). The common histologic subtype was mature teratoma (39.3%), followed by yolk sac tumor (YST) (18%), mixed germ cell tumor (18%), immature teratoma (14.7%), and germinoma (9.8%). Four cases of teratoma had somatic malignancies. There were 48 stage I, 8 stage II, and 2 stage III tumors. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association of age group concerning primary site (p=0.004), histological type (p=0.002), and clinical stage (p=0.034). In a median follow-up of 30 months, an Overall Survival (OS) of 93.2% and Event Free Survival (EFS) of 90.4% were noted across all age groups. OS of 100% (neon tal), 96% (prepubertal) and 88.0% (post-pubertal) revealing a declining trend (p=0.324) with increasing age was noted. The important prognostic factors include histological subtype (mixed germ cell tumors and teratomas with somatic malignancies had reduced overall survival) and stage (I vs II and III) for OS and stage alone for EFS (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Our study highlights the clinicopathological characteristics, prognostic parameters, and the outcome of GCTs occurring at extragonadal sites and emphasizes the role of pathologists in the detailed reporting of these lesions.

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“…Consequently, there have been many high-redshift quasar surveys aimed at studying their demography. Currently, there are 275 quasars known at z > 6 (Fan et al 2023). Due to the sheer brightness of high-redshift quasars, it is impractical to measure their host galaxy properties by fitting galaxy spectral energy distributions (SEDs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRINITY II: The Luminosity-dependent Bias of the Supermassive Black Hole Mass--Galaxy Mass Relation for Bright Quasars at $z=6$

Zhang,

Behroozi,

Volonteri

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Using recent empirical constraints on the dark matter halo-galaxy-supermassive black hole (SMBH) connection from z = 0 − 7, we infer how undermassive, typical, and overmassive SMBHs contribute to the quasar luminosity function (QLF) at z = 6. We find that beyond L bol = 5 × 10 46 erg/s, the z = 6 QLF is dominated by SMBHs that are at least 0.3 dex above the z = 6 median M • -M * relation. The QLF is dominated by typical SMBHs (i.e., within ±0.3 dex around the M • -M * relation) at L bol 10 45 erg/s. At z ∼ 6, the intrinsic M • -M * relation for all SMBHs is slightly steeper than the z = 0 scaling, with a similar normalization at M * ∼ 10 11 M . We also predict the M • -M * relation for z = 6 bright quasars selected by different bolometric luminosity thresholds, finding very good agreement with observations. For quasars with L bol > 3 × 10 46 (10 48 ) erg/s, the scaling relation is shifted upwards by ∼ 0.35 (1.0) dex for 10 11 M galaxies. To accurately measure the intrinsic M • -M * relation, it is essential to include fainter quasars with L bol 10 45 erg/s. At high redshifts, low-luminosity quasars are thus the best targets for understanding typical formation paths for SMBHs in galaxies.

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Testicular Germ Cell Tumors with Somatic-type Malignancy

Abstract: Testicular cancer accounts for ∼

Cited by 4 publications

References 56 publications

Testicular teratoma with nephroblastoma in an adult – case report and literature review

Testicular teratoma with nephroblastoma in an adult – case report and literature review

Clinicopathological Evaluation of Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors - A Retrospective Study from a Regional Cancer Center in India

TRINITY II: The Luminosity-dependent Bias of the Supermassive Black Hole Mass--Galaxy Mass Relation for Bright Quasars at $z=6$

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