Testicular perfusion after standing laparoscopic peritoneal flap hernioplasty in stallions

Gracia-Calvo, LA; Duque, Javier; Silva, C Balao da; Ezquerra, Javier; Ortega-Ferrusola, Cristina

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.05.014

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Furthermore, the substantial positive correlation established between plasma T and E levels following hCG injection in this study was inconsistent with those discovered in bucks (Samir et al, 2015) and might be due to the aromatase enzyme in Leydig cells converting T to E (Carreau et al, 2003;Haverfield et al, 2011). (Gracia-Calvo et al, 2015;Pozor et al, 2011). Because any impairment in arterial blood flow to the testis might produce poor spermatogenesis due to improper energy metabolism at the mitochondrial level, blood flow is critical to testis function (Abdelnaby et al, 2021a,b;Ribeiro et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…Testicular blood flow measurements in the form of blood flow velocities or both Doppler indices is a critical, as early diagnosis of testicular problems was associated with the marked vascular disturbance in form of blood flow velocities and Doppler indices (Ortiz‐Rodriguez et al., 2017); therefore, determination of the blood flow using Doppler ultrasound is considered an effective method (Gracia‐Calvo et al., 2015; Pozor et al., 2011). Because any impairment in arterial blood flow to the testis might produce poor spermatogenesis due to improper energy metabolism at the mitochondrial level, blood flow is critical to testis function (Abdelnaby et al., 2021a,b; Ribeiro et al., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testicular haemodynamics, plasma testosterone and oestradiol concentrations, and serum nitric oxide levels in the Egyptian buffalo bull after a single administration of human chorionic gonadotropin

Abdelnaby

2022

Reprod Domestic Animals

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This current study aimed for the first time to evaluate the effect of a single intravenous administration of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) on the testicular artery haemodynamics measurements (resistance [RI], and pulsatility indices [PI]), plasma steroids (estradiol‐17β and testosterone) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in buffalo bulls. Twelve Egyptian buffalo bulls weighted 450 ± 20 kg were randomly divided into the hCG group (n = 6) and injected a single dose with Ovogest (EPIFASI; 5,000 IU, iv), whereas the others (n = 6) were injected with normal saline and served as controls. Doppler evaluation and blood sampling were performed just before the administration (hour 0) and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 24 and 28 hr after administration. Bulls in the control group did not show any alterations in hormonal levels and blood flow parameters (p > .05). In the hCG group, RI was declined (p < .05) in 6 hr post‐administration (0.31 ± 0.01 versus 0.45 ± 0.01), while PI was declined (p < .05) later in 10 hr (0.74 ± 0.01 versus 1.23 ± 0.02). Additionally, testicular blood flow was increased (p < .05) 8 hr (42.02 ± 1.02 ml/min/100 g versus 31.34 ± 0.88 ml/min/100 g) after administration. Testosterone and NO levels were (p < .05) increased at 4 and 6 hr post‐administration (3.55 ± 0.03 ng/ml versus 2.84 ± 0.01 ng/ml, and 55.32 ± 4.25 µmol/L versus 32.21 ± 1.55 µmol/L), whereas oestradiol levels were elevated (p < .05) in 6 hr (31.25 ± 0.08 pg/ml) only post‐administration then declined. In conclusion, the single intravenous administration of hCG triggered many alterations in the supratesticular artery vascularization and hormonal profile that could affect positively on steroidogenesis and testicular function in buffalo bull.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular haemodynamics, plasma testosterone and oestradiol concentrations, and serum nitric oxide levels in the Egyptian buffalo bull after a single administration of human chorionic gonadotropin

Abdelnaby

2022

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…Furthermore, early diagnosis of testicular dysfunction triggered by vascular disturbance is crucial for the application of therapeutic strategies to maximize fertility and delay tissue damage in stallions. In addition, Doppler ultrasound is an excellent tool to monitor therapeutic outcome after medical or surgical treatments [4, 15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse Doppler ultrasound as a tool for the diagnosis of chronic testicular dysfunction in stallions

et al. 2017

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Testicular function is particularly susceptible to vascular insult, resulting in a negative impact on sperm production and quality of the ejaculate. A prompt diagnosis of testicular dysfunction enables implementation of appropriate treatment, hence improving fertility forecasts for stallions. The present research aims to: (1) assess if Doppler ultrasonography is a good tool to diagnose stallions with testicular dysfunction; (2) to study the relationship between Doppler parameters of the testicular artery and those of sperm quality assessed by flow cytometry and (3) to establish cut off values to differentiate fertile stallions from those with pathologies causing testicular dysfunction. A total of 10 stallions (n: 7 healthy stallions and n: 3 sub-fertile stallions) were used in this study. Two ejaculates per stallion were collected and preserved at 5°C in a commercial extender. The semen was evaluated at T0, T24 and T48h by flow cytometry. Integrity and viability of sperm (YoPro®-1/EthD-1), mitochondrial activity (MitoTracker® Deep Red FM) and the DNA fragmentation index (Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay) were assessed. Doppler parameters were measured at three different locations on the testicular artery (Supratesticular artery (SA); Capsular artery (CA) and Intratesticular artery (IA)). The Doppler parameters calculated were: Resistive Index (RI), Pulsatility Index (PI), Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV), End Diastolic Velocity (EDV), Time Average Maximum Velocity (TAMV), Total Arterial Blood Flow (TABF) and TABF rate. The capsular artery was the most reliable location to carry out spectral Doppler assessment, since blood flow parameters of this artery were most closely correlated with sperm quality parameters. Significant differences in all the Doppler parameters studied were observed between fertile and subfertile stallions (p ≤ 0.05). The principal components analysis assay determined that fertile stallions are characterized by high EDV, TAMV, TABF and TABF rate values (high vascular perfusion). In contrast, subfertile stallions tend to present high values of PI and RI (high vascular resistance). The ROC curves revealed that the best Doppler parameters to predict sperm quality in stallions were: Doppler velocities (PSV, EDV and TAMV), the diameter of the capsular artery and TABF parameters (tissue perfusion parameters). Cut off values were established using a Youden´s Index to identify fertile stallions from stallions with testicular dysfunction. Spectral Doppler ultrasound is a good predictive tool for sperm quality since correlations were determined among Doppler parameters and markers of sperm quality. Doppler ultrasonography could be a valuable diagnostic tool for use by clinical practitioners for the diagnosis of stallions with testicular dysfunction and could be a viable alternative to invasive procedures traditionally used for diagnosis of sub-fertility disorders.

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“…High values of Doppler indices have also been described in cases of severe hydrocele and chronic non-strangulated inguinal hernia (Gracia-Calvo et al, 2015;Samir et al, 2021). Any reduction in the blood flow to the testis (herniation, testicular torsion, or varicocele) causes ischemic damage in the seminiferous tubules and can affect sperm production and quality.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Various Pathological Disorders In Stallionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Doppler modalities have allowed study of testicular, uterine, and ovarian vascular hemodynamics in this species and this has contributed to knowledge of both physiological and pathological aspects of these organs (Bollwein, Mayer, et al, 2002;Boyd et al, 2006;Pozor & McDonnell, 2004). These modalities have improved the diagnostic potential of conventional ultrasound, helping in the early identification of certain pathologies related to the perfusion of these organs and allowing monitoring of medical or surgical treatments (Bailey et al, 2012;Gracia-Calvo et al, 2015;Savaş et al, 2002). Doppler modalities work by providing a representation of blood flow detected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the ultrasound diagnosis in equine reproductive medicine: New approaches

Ortega-Ferrusola

Gómez-Arrones

Martín-Cano

et al. 2022

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Ultrasound technology has led to new lines of research in equine reproduction, and it has helped to greatly improve clinical diagnosis and reproductive outcomes in equine practice. This review aims to discuss the potential clinical uses and new approaches of ultrasonography in equine reproduction. Doppler modalities are usually used to evaluate the vascularization of the follicles, corpus luteum (CL), and the uterus in the mare for diagnostic purposes. Inclusion of Doppler ultrasound in artificial insemination and embryo transfer programs could improve the reproductive outcome of these techniques. Better selection of recipients based on CL functionality, early pregnancy diagnosis 7-8 days postovulation of the donor before flushing or diagnosis of mares with endometritis with pathological increases of blood flow are examples of clinical applications in the mare. In the stallion, colour Doppler ultrasound has improved the diagnostic potential of B-mode ultrasound, improving the differential diagnosis of pathologies such as testicular torsion (decrease or absence of blood flow in the cord) and orchitis (increased blood flow in the cord). The incorporation of pulsed Doppler ultrasound into the reproductive evaluation of the stallion has enabled early identification of stallions with testicular dysfunction, thus allowing administration of timely treatment and subsequent improvements of the fertility prognosis for these animals.In addition, this technique has been used in the monitoring of patients undergoing medical and surgical treatments, thus verifying their efficacy. Recently, computerassisted pixel analysis using specific software has been performed in research work in order to semi-quantitatively evaluate the vascularization (colour and power Doppler) and echotexture of different organs. These softwares are now being developed for clinical purposes, as is the case with Ecotext, a computer program developed for the evaluation of testicular echotexture, providing information on testicular functionality.

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Testicular perfusion after standing laparoscopic peritoneal flap hernioplasty in stallions

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Testicular haemodynamics, plasma testosterone and oestradiol concentrations, and serum nitric oxide levels in the Egyptian buffalo bull after a single administration of human chorionic gonadotropin

Testicular haemodynamics, plasma testosterone and oestradiol concentrations, and serum nitric oxide levels in the Egyptian buffalo bull after a single administration of human chorionic gonadotropin

Pulse Doppler ultrasound as a tool for the diagnosis of chronic testicular dysfunction in stallions

Advances in the ultrasound diagnosis in equine reproductive medicine: New approaches

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