Testicular ultrasound evaluation in small animal practice

Magalhães, Francisco Felipe de; Souza, Mírley Barbosa de; Silva, Lúcia Daniel Machado da

doi:10.26605/medvet-v13n1-2620

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is characterized by the formation of varicose veins in the scrotal region. Ultrasonographic imaging reveals vascular dilatation [ 61 ].…”

Section: Grey-scale Ultrasonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-Based Technologies for the Evaluation of Testicles in the Dog: Keystones and Breakthroughs

Bracco,

Gloria,

Contri

2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Ultrasonography is a valuable diagnostic tool extensively used in the andrology of human and domestic animals, including dogs. This review aims to provide an overview of various technologies based on ultrasound, from the basic B-Mode ultrasonography to the more recent advancements, such as contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and ultrasound elastography (UEl), all of which are utilized in the evaluation of canine testicles. The review outlines the principles behind each of these technologies and discusses their application in assessing normal and abnormal testicular conditions. B-mode canine testicular ultrasonography primarily focuses on detecting focal lesions but has limitations in terms of objectivity. Other technologies, including Doppler ultrasonography, B-Flow, and CEUS, allow for the characterization of vascular patterns, which could be further measured using specific applications like spectral Doppler or quantitative CEUS. Additionally, ultrasound elastography enables the assessment of parenchyma stiffness both qualitatively and quantitatively. These ultrasound-based technologies play a crucial role in andrology by providing valuable information for evaluating testicular function and integrity, aiding in the identification of pathological conditions that may impact the health and quality of life of male dogs.

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“…It is characterized by the formation of varicose veins in the scrotal region. Ultrasonographic imaging reveals vascular dilatation [ 61 ].…”

Section: Grey-scale Ultrasonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-Based Technologies for the Evaluation of Testicles in the Dog: Keystones and Breakthroughs

Bracco,

Gloria,

Contri

2023

Veterinary Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, in order to evaluate the inside of the reproductive organs, advanced ultrasonographic techniques that can detect abnormalities, parenchyma, and testicular morphometry are needed. In addition, ultrasonography has been characterized as a non-invasive technique and generally does not require the use of general anesthesia or sedation [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Differences in Testosterone Concentration and Its Relation to Testicular Biometrics, Hemodynamics, and Fertility in Alpacas (Vicugna pacos)

Pérez-Durand,

Massa-Guzmán,

Luque-Mamani

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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The goal of this study was to investigate the age-related differences in testosterone concentration and its relation to testicular biometrics, testicular blood flow, and fertility in alpacas (Vicugna pacos). Fifteen alpaca males with different ages (young (YM; ~12–14 mo.), n = 5; intermediate (IM; ~24 mo.), n = 5; and old (OM; ≥36 mo.), n = 5) were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were taken from each alpaca male and the circulating plasmatic testosterone concentration (TC; ng/mL) was determined using ELISA analysis. The testicular traits related to bio-morphometric parameters (the length (L), width (W), area (A), and volume (TV)) were assessed using B-mode ultrasonography. Pulse-wave/power Doppler ultrasonography was used to obtain the circulatory dynamic values (testicular hemodynamics) before the beginning of natural service mating. Significant differences were observed in TC among the age groups, increasing as the age of the males increased (2.47 ± 0.31, 8.45 ± 1.53, and 22.66 ± 2.15 for YM, IM, and OM, respectively; p < 0.05); however, no differences were observed regarding the testicular B-mode ultrasonographic parameters (L, W, and A) (p > 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between TV and testicular L, W, and A (r = 0.96, r = 0.95, and r = 0.96, respectively; p ≤ 0.001). Pulse-wave-Doppler-derived parameters such as the pulsatility index (PI) and the resistive index (RI), as well as the total vascularity area (TVA) assessed by power Doppler, were similar in all of the age groups studied (p > 0.05). General linear model (GLM) analysis showed a relationship between TC and TV (OR = 0.95; p = 0.04), as well as between TC and TVA (OR = 0.99; p= 0.02). Finally, no differences were observed regarding the pregnancy rate among the different age groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, TC increased as the age of the alpaca males increased. Although TC was related to TV and TVA, the pregnancy rates obtained from individuals belonging to the different age groups were similar, indicating that TC, TV, and TVA were not determining factors in assessing the potential age-related fertility differences in alpaca males.

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Testicular ultrasound evaluation in small animal practice

Abstract: Testicular ultrasound evaluation in small animal practice [Avaliação ultrassonográfica testicular na clínica de pequenos animais] "Revisão/Review"

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

Ultrasound-Based Technologies for the Evaluation of Testicles in the Dog: Keystones and Breakthroughs

Ultrasound-Based Technologies for the Evaluation of Testicles in the Dog: Keystones and Breakthroughs

Age-Related Differences in Testosterone Concentration and Its Relation to Testicular Biometrics, Hemodynamics, and Fertility in Alpacas (Vicugna pacos)

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