Testing a Photo Story Intervention in Paper Versus Electronic Tablet Format Compared to a Traditional Brochure Among Older Adults in Germany: Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background To increase effective communication in primary care consultations among older adults in Germany, the photo story is considered to be a useful tool based on Bandura’s social cognitive theory. With information technology helping to increase effective communication, the use of tablets is gaining attention in health care settings, especially with older adults. However, the effectiveness of tablet technology and photo stories has rarely been tested. Objective The aim is to compare the effectiveness of a photo story intervention to a traditional brochure. Both were delivered either in paper or tablet format. Methods A trial was conducted with 126 older adults, aged 50 years and older, who were approached and recruited by researchers and administrative staff from senior day care, doctors in rehabilitation centers, and trainers in sports clubs in Germany. Open and face-to-face assessment methodologies were used. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four intervention conditions: traditional brochure in paper format (condition 1) and tablet format (condition 2), and photo story in paper format (condition 3) and tablet format (condition 4). Each participant received a questionnaire and either the traditional brochure or photo story in a paper or tablet version. To evaluate the effectiveness of each intervention, participants completed evaluation questionnaires before and after each intervention. The second part of the questionnaire measured different indicators of health literacy, communication skills, health measurements, and possible underlying mechanisms. Results Compared to the traditional brochure, participants considered the photo story easier to understand ( t 124 =2.62, P =.01) and more informative ( t 124 =–2.17, P =.03). Participants preferred the paper format because they found it less monotonous ( t 124 =–3.05, P =.003), less boring ( t 124 =–2.65, P =.009), and not too long ( t 124 =–2.26, P =.03) compared to the tablet format. Among all conditions, the traditional brochure with a tablet (condition 2) was also perceived as more monotonous (mean 3.07, SD 1.08), boring (mean 2.77, SD 1.19), and too long to read (mean 2.50, SD 1.33) in comparison to the traditional brochure in paper format (condition 1). Moreover, the participants scored significantly higher on self-referencing on the traditional brochure in paper format (condition 1) than tablet format for both types of the brochure (conditions 2 and 4). Conclusions Traditional brochures on a tablet seem to be the least effective communication option in primary care consulta...

Converting habits of antibiotic use for respiratory tract infections in German primary care (CHANGE-3) - process evaluation of a complex intervention

“…Detailed results regarding the application of digital information delivery in the CHANGE-3 study have been reported [28]. Findings might be very specific for the current older generation of GPs and patients in Germany, or even with regards to gender, particularly as they partially confirm results of prior research in German primary care: A randomized controlled trial concluded that such findings needed to be replicated and that -although information technology can support effective interventions -disadvantages such as technical requirements of the users and devices should also be considered when integrating digital solutions into wider care-related situations and populations [29]. Also, a study investigating learning, training and use of information technology among GP trainees aged 30 to 50 showed a high variation regarding affinity and concluded that there is a need for support and better understanding of information technology systems among primary care physicians [30].…”

Converting Habits of Antibiotic Use for Respiratory Tract Infections in German Primary Care (Change-3) - Process evaluation of a complex intervention

“…Detailed results regarding the application of digital information delivery in the CHANGE-3 study have been reported [28]. Findings might be very speci c for the current older generation of GPs and patients in Germany, or even with regards to gender, particularly as they partially con rm results of prior research in German primary care: A randomized controlled trial concluded that such ndings needed to be replicated and that -although information technology can support effective interventions -disadvantages such as technical requirements of the users and devices should also be considered when integrating digital solutions into wider care-related situations and populations [29]. Also, a study investigating learning, training and use of information technology among GP trainees aged 30 to 50 showed a high variation regarding a nity and concluded that there is a need for support and better understanding of information technology systems among primary care physicians [30].…”

Converting Habits of Antibiotic Use for Respiratory Tract Infections in German Primary Care (Change-3) - Process evaluation of a complex intervention

“…Detailed results regarding the application of digital information delivery in the CHANGE-3 study have been reported [28]. Findings might be very speci c for the current older generation of GPs and patients in Germany, or even with regards to gender, particularly as they partially con rm results of prior research in German primary care: A randomized controlled trial concluded that such ndings needed to be replicated and that -although information technology can support effective interventions -disadvantages such as technical requirements of the users and devices should also be considered when integrating digital solutions into wider care-related situations and populations [29]. Also, a study investigating learning, training and use of information technology among GP trainees aged 30 to 50 showed a high variation regarding a nity and concluded that there is a need for support and better understanding of information technology systems among primary care physicians [30].…”