Testing an eddy-permitting model of the Southern Ocean carbon cycle against observations

Woloszyn, Molly; Mazloff, M. R.; Ito, Takamitsu

doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2010.12.004

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the models BCC_CSM1.1, CanESM2, and GFDL-ESM2G, the phases indicate a maximum between November and January north of the Polar Front, which is several months too late compared to the observations. Consistent with Woloszyn et al (2011), the phases south of the Polar Front in the ESMs differ substantially from the observations, especially near the seasonally ice-covered regions (near 628S). Overall, the meridional variation of the phase of pCO 2 in GFDL-ESM2M best matches the observations but shows a gentler transition from south to north across the Polar Front, which is probably a result of the low horizontal resolution of the model.…”

Section: Seasonal Cyclesupporting

confidence: 76%

Drake Passage Oceanic pCO2: Evaluating CMIP5 Coupled Carbon–Climate Models Using in situ Observations

et al. 2014

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Surface water partial pressure of CO 2 (pCO 2 ) variations in Drake Passage are examined using decade-long underway shipboard measurements. North of the Polar Front (PF), the observed pCO 2 shows a seasonal cycle that peaks annually in August and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC)-forced variations are significant. Just south of the PF, pCO 2 shows a small seasonal cycle that peaks annually in February, reflecting the opposing effects of changes in SST and DIC in the surface waters. At the PF, the wintertime pCO 2 is nearly in equilibrium with the atmosphere, leading to a small sea-to-air CO 2 flux.These observations are used to evaluate eight available Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 5 (CMIP5), Earth system models (ESMs). Six ESMs reproduce the observed annual-mean pCO 2 values averaged over the Drake Passage region. However, the model amplitude of the pCO 2 seasonal cycle exceeds the observed amplitude of the pCO 2 seasonal cycle because of the model biases in SST and surface DIC. North of the PF, deep winter mixed layers play a larger role in pCO 2 variations in the models than they do in observations. Four ESMs show elevated wintertime pCO 2 near the PF, causing a significant sea-to-air CO 2 flux. Wintertime winds in these models are generally stronger than the satellite-derived winds. This not only magnifies the sea-to-air CO 2 flux but also upwells DIC-rich water to the surface and drives strong equatorward Ekman currents. These strong model currents likely advect the upwelled DIC farther equatorward, as strong stratification in the models precludes subduction below the mixed layer.

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Section: Seasonal Cyclesupporting

confidence: 76%

Drake Passage Oceanic pCO2: Evaluating CMIP5 Coupled Carbon–Climate Models Using in situ Observations

et al. 2014

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“…The western boundary currents correspond to the Agulhas Return Current (ARC; 10–83°E) and the Brazil‐Malvinas Confluence (BMC; 60–25°W). These TEKE hot spots have strong eddy activity, and they have been shown to play a key role in the SO exchange of heat and carbon and upwelling pathways (Dufour et al., ; Foppert et al., ; Tamsitt et al., ; Woloszyn et al., ); even studies using submesoscale resolving simulation show the importance of these hot spots in the transient vertical heat transport (Su et al., ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Energy of Eddy‐Like Features From Sea Surface Altimetry

Martínez‐Moreno

Hogg

Kiss

et al. 2019

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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The mesoscale eddy field plays a key role in the mixing and transport of physical and biological properties and redistribution of energy in the ocean. Eddy kinetic energy is commonly defined as the kinetic energy of the time‐varying component of the velocity field. However, this definition contains all processes that vary in time, including coherent mesoscale eddies, jets, waves, and large‐scale motions. The focus of this paper is on the eddy kinetic energy contained in coherent mesoscale eddies. We present a new method to decompose eddy kinetic energy into oceanic processes. The proposed method uses a new eddy identification algorithm (TrackEddy). This algorithm is based on the premise that the sea level signature of a coherent eddy can be approximated as a Gaussian feature. The eddy Gaussian signature then allows for the calculation of kinetic energy of the eddy field through the geostrophic approximation. TrackEddy has been validated using synthetic sea surface height data and then used to investigate trends of eddy kinetic energy in the Southern Ocean using satellite sea surface height anomaly (AVISO+). We detect an increasing trend of eddy kinetic energy associated with mesoscale eddies in the Southern Ocean. This trend is correlated with an increase in the coherent eddy amplitude and the strengthening of wind stress over the last two decades.

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“…Among other considerations, these inferences are important in the erstwhile debate over whether iron fertilization makes any sense for control of atmospheric CO 2 . Woloszyn et al (2011) used the ECCO higher resolution Southern Ocean State Estimates (SOSE) of Mazloff et al (2010) to demonstrate the great importance of adequate resolution in calculating carbon exchange between the atmosphere and ocean. The same configuration was adopted by Ito et al (2010) to describe the Ekman layer contribution to the movement of carbon dioxide.…”

Section: Biogeochemical Balancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamically and Kinematically Consistent Global Ocean Circulation and Ice State Estimates

Wunsch

Heimbach

2013

International Geophysics

130

153

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Testing an eddy-permitting model of the Southern Ocean carbon cycle against observations

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Drake Passage Oceanic pCO2: Evaluating CMIP5 Coupled Carbon–Climate Models Using in situ Observations

Drake Passage Oceanic pCO2: Evaluating CMIP5 Coupled Carbon–Climate Models Using in situ Observations

Kinetic Energy of Eddy‐Like Features From Sea Surface Altimetry

Dynamically and Kinematically Consistent Global Ocean Circulation and Ice State Estimates

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