Testing biomechanical models of human lumbar lordosis variability

Castillo, Eric R.; Hsu, Connie; Mair, R. W.; Lieberman, Daniel E.

doi:10.1002/ajpa.23189

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1). The size-standardized central angle method has been shown to measure lumbar curvature reliably, correlating strongly with standard radiological techniques for quantifying LL including Cobb angle (Castillo et al, 2017). The central angle, which also allows for dynamic measures of LL during in vivo experimental studies, is calculated as the ratio of the curved arc length of the lumbar spine divided by its radius of curvature.…”

Section: Kinematicsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Study participants were recruited from the greater Boston area for a series of three experiments conducted on different days over the course of 4 months (see Castillo et al, 2017). Only young adults 18-35 years old were recruited to minimize the potential for age-related degenerative changes in spinal posture (Schwab et al, 2006).…”

Section: Materials and Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before participation in experiments, individuals were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) conducted at the Center for Brain Science Neuroimaging Facility at Harvard University using a Siemens TIM Trio (3-T) scanner. Imaging protocols are described in Castillo et al (2017). Briefly, a standard spine-array and large-flex coils scanned participants in a neutral, supine position (legs extended and arms resting at their sides).…”

Section: Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human lumbar lordosis (LL) is a postural adaptation that facilitates normal spinal function and helps maintain balanced trunk orientation while minimizing the mechanical and metabolic demands of bipedalism (Gracovetsky and Iacono, 1987;Abitbol, 1988;Farfan, 1995;Lovejoy, 2005;Whitcome et al, 2007;Saha et al, 2007Saha et al, , 2008Lovejoy and McCollum, 2010;Castillo et al, 2017). However, skeletal evidence reveals considerable variation in LL within modern human populations and among fossil hominins (Been et al, 2012(Been et al, , 2017a, suggesting an adaptive function for variations in lumbar curvature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Shock attenuation in the human lumbar spine during walking and running

Castillo

Lieberman

2018

Journal of Experimental Biology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During locomotion, each step generates a shock wave that travels through the body toward the head. Without mechanisms for attenuation, repeated shocks can lead to pathology. Shock attenuation (SA) in the lower limb has been well studied, but little is known about how posture affects SA in the spine. To test the hypothesis that lumbar lordosis (LL) contributes to SA, 27 adults (14 male, 13 female) walked and ran on a treadmill. Two lightweight, tri-axial accelerometers were affixed to the skin overlying T12/L1 and L5/S1. Sagittal plane accelerations were analyzed using power spectral density analysis, and lumbar SA was assessed within the impact-related frequency range. 3D kinematics quantified dynamic and resting LL. To examine the effects of intervertebral discs on spinal SA, supine MRI scans were used to measure disc morphology. The results showed no association between LL and SA during walking, but LL correlated with SA during running (<0.01, =0.30), resulting in as much as 64% reduction in shock signal power among individuals with the highest LL. Patterns of lumbar spinal motion partially explain differences in SA: larger amplitudes of LL angular displacement and slower angular displacement velocity during running were associated with greater lumbar SA (=0.008, =0.41). Intervertebral discs were associated with greater SA during running (=0.02, =0.22) but, after controlling for disc thickness, LL remained strongly associated with SA (=0.001, =0.44). These findings support the hypothesis that LL plays an important role in attenuating impact shocks transmitted through the human spine during high-impact, dynamic activities such as running.

show abstract

Section: Kinematicsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Materials and Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Shock attenuation in the human lumbar spine during walking and running

Castillo

Lieberman

2018

Journal of Experimental Biology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, flexibility training should be a priority for wheelchair athletes. A recent study by Castillo et al [5] demonstrated how lumbar mobility differentially interacts with trunk strength to affect lordotic curvature. If changes in relative trunk strength and ROM change lumbar lordosis within an individual, this study suggests that exercises to strengthen the abdominal or back muscles are more likely to be effective at modifying spinal posture in individuals with naturally flexible lumbar spines, or when muscle strengthening is accompanied by stretching to increase lumbar ROM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Trunk Rotational Velocity with Spine Mobility and Curvatures in Para Table Tennis Players

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigates the relationship of trunk rotational velocity with mobility and curvature of the spine in wheelchair table tennis players. Eleven para table tennis players and 13 able-bodied athletes performed 5 seated trunk rotations to each side with 1 kg barbell placed on the shoulders. Trunk rotational velocity and respective angular displacement were significantly lower in para table tennis players compared to able-bodied athletes. Both groups showed similar values of thoracic kyphosis. However, para table tennis players exhibited lower lumbar inversion and pelvic retroversion compared to able-bodied athletes. Peak and mean velocity in the acceleration phase of trunk rotation correlated with angular displacement in both para table tennis players (r=0.912, p=0.001; r=0.819, p=0.013) and able-bodied athletes (r=0.790, p=0.026; r=0.673, p=0.032). These velocity values were also associated with lumbar curvature (r=-0.787, p=0.003; r=− 0.713, p=0.009) and pelvic tilt angle (r=0.694, p=0.014; r=0.746, p=0.007) in para table tennis players. Findings indicate that slower velocity of trunk rotations in para table tennis players might be due to their limited range of trunk rotational motion. Decreased posterior concavity could also contribute to these lower values. However, other biomechanical factors may have an impact on the association between these variables and have yet to be documented.

show abstract

Trunk muscle endurance, strength and flexibility in rural subsistence farmers and urban industrialized adults in western Kenya

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives High trunk muscle endurance, strength, and moderate flexibility reportedly help maintain musculoskeletal health, but there is evidence for tradeoffs among these variables as well as sex differences in trunk muscle endurance and strength. To test if these observations extend similarly to both men and women in nonindustrial and industrial environments, we investigated intra‐individual associations and group and sex differences in trunk muscle endurance, strength, and flexibility among 74 (35 F, 39 M; age range: 18–61 years) adults from the same Kalenjin‐speaking population in western Kenya. We specifically compared men and women from an urban community with professions that do not involve manual labor with rural subsistence farmers, including women who frequently carry heavy loads. Methods Trunk muscle endurance, strength, and flexibility were measured with exercise tests and electromyography (EMG). Results We found a positive correlation between trunk extensor strength and endurance (R = .271, p ≤ .05) and no associations between strength or endurance and flexibility. Rural women had higher trunk extensor and flexor endurance, EMG‐determined longissimus lumborum endurance, and trunk extensor strength than urban women (all p ≤ .05). Rural women had higher trunk extensor and flexor endurance than rural men (both p ≤ .05). Urban women had lower trunk flexor and extensor endurance than urban men (both p ≤ .01). Conclusions High levels of physical activity among nonindustrial subsistence farmers, particularly head carrying among women, appear to be associated with high trunk muscle endurance and strength, which may have important benefits for helping maintain musculoskeletal health.

show abstract

Testing biomechanical models of human lumbar lordosis variability

Cited by 12 publications

References 65 publications

Shock attenuation in the human lumbar spine during walking and running

Shock attenuation in the human lumbar spine during walking and running

Association of Trunk Rotational Velocity with Spine Mobility and Curvatures in Para Table Tennis Players

Trunk muscle endurance, strength and flexibility in rural subsistence farmers and urban industrialized adults in western Kenya

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About