Testing genetic models in populations which contain pedigree errors

Pedigree testing, using genetic markers, may be undertaken for a variety of situations, of which the classical paternity testing is only one. This has not always been made clear in the literature. Exclusion probabilities associated with various testing situations, including the use of autosomal or X-linked codominant marker systems with any number of alleles, are presented. These formulae can be used to determine the appropriate exclusion probability for the situation being investigated. One such situation is where sire groups of progeny are to be verified without knowledge of the dams' genotypes, in which case the classical paternity exclusion probability is too high, and if used may result in an optimistic declaration about the progeny that have not been excluded. On the other hand, if mating pairs are known then incorrect progeny can be excluded at a higher rate than suggested by paternity exclusion calculations. The formulae also assist in determining the usefulness of X-linked markers, particularly if the pedigree checks involve progeny of only one sex. A system of notation that is useful for the algebraic manipulation of genetic probabilities, including exclusion probabilities as presented here, is also given.

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Exclusion probabilities for pedigree testing farm animals

Dodds

Tate

McEwan

et al. 1996

Theoret. Appl. Genetics

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Genetic polymorphism of plasminogen and vitamin D binding protein in red deer (Cervus elaphus L.)

Tate¹,

Dodds²,

Thomas³

et al. 1992

Animal Genetics

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Summary. Genetic polymorphism was detected in the red deer (Cervus elaphus L.), plasma proteins, plasminogen (PLG) and vitamin D binding protein (GC) using antiserum to human proteins. The affinity of the antisera to deer plasma was less than 10% that of a human standard but they bound specifically to proteins of molecular weight expected for GC and PLG.Three codominant alleles of GC and five of PLG were observed. In a set 124 farmed deer calves and their parents, six calves had genotypes which were not consistent with the expectations of inheritance. Further inconsistencies were found when variation in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and transferrin (TRF) was examined. Using genetic models which included pedigree error parameters the data were shown to be consistent with genetic inheritance of all loci in a data set containing approximately 4.8% (SE 14%) parent‐progeny pedigree mismatches.In samples from four deer populations representative of the red deer introduced to New Zealand the GC and PLG polymorphismms provided a probability of paternity exclusion (PE) of between 0.34 and 0.54 and when IDH and TRF were also included the PE was between 0.46 and 0.66. The four populations differed significantly in allele frequency, which supports historical evidence that they originate from separate introductions of small numbers of European red deer.

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Testing genetic models in populations which contain pedigree errors

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Exclusion probabilities for pedigree testing farm animals

Exclusion probabilities for pedigree testing farm animals

Genetic polymorphism of plasminogen and vitamin D binding protein in red deer (Cervus elaphus L.)

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