Testing high resolution magnetic susceptibility and gamma radiation methods in the Cenomanian–Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) GSSP and near-by coeval section

Ellwood, Brooks B.; Wang, Wei Hsung; Tomkin, Jonathan; Ratcliffe, Kenneth T.; Hassani, Ahmed El; Wright, Amelia M.

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.02.018

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…As a consequence of these processes, short-term Milankovitch bands (Earth's obliquity and precession) are not as well developed in older rocks as they are in younger sequences. However, it is now clear that time-series analysis of cyclic geophysical (i.e., χ and gamma ray spectroscopy; Ellwood et al, 2013;2017) and geochemical data sets are controlled by global processes driven by climate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation and high-resolution timing for Paleo-tethys Permian-Triassic boundary exposures in Vietnam and Slovenia using geochemical, geophysical and biostratigraphic data sets

et al. 2018

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Two Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) successions, Lung Cam in Vietnam, and Lukač in Slovenia, have been sampled for high-resolution magnetic susceptibility, stable isotope and elemental chemistry, and biostratigraphic analyses. These successions are located on the eastern (Lung Cam section) and western margins (Lukač section) of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean during PTB time. Lung Cam, lying along the eastern margin of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean provides an excellent proxy for correlation back to the GSSP and out to other Paleo-Tethyan successions. This proxy is tested herein by correlating the Lung Cam section in Vietnam to the Lukač section in Slovenia, which was deposited along the western margin of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean during the PTB interval. It is shown herein that both the Lung Cam and Lukač sections can be correlated and exhibit similar characteristics through the PTB interval. Using time-series analysis of magnetic susceptibility data, high-resolution ages are obtained for both successions, thus allowing relative ages, relative to the PTB age at ~252 Ma, to be assigned. Evaluation of climate variability along the western and eastern margins of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean through the PTB interval, using d18O values indicates generally cooler climate in the west, below the PTB, changing to generally warmer climates above the boundary. A unique Black Carbon layer (elemental carbon present by agglutinated foraminifers in their test) below the boundary exhibits colder temperatures in the eastern and warmer temperatures in the western Paleo-Tethys Ocean.ReferencesBalsam W., Arimoto R., Ji J., Shen Z, 2007. Aeolian dust in sediment: a re-examination of methods for identification and dispersal assessed by diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry. International Journal of Environment and Health, 1, 374-402.Balsam W.L., Otto-Bliesner B.L., Deaton B.C., 1995. Modern and last glacial maximum eolian sedimentation patterns in the Atlantic Ocean interpreted from sediment iron oxide content. Paleoceanography, 10, 493-507.Berggren W.A., Kent D.V., Aubry M-P., Hardenbol J., 1995. Geochronology, Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation. SEPM Special Publication #54, Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK, 386p.Berger A., Loutre M.F., Laskar J., 1992. Stability of the astronomical frequencies over the Earth's history for paleoclimate studies. Science, 255, 560-566.Bloemendal J., deMenocal P., 1989. Evidence for a change in the periodicity of tropical climate cycles at 2.4 Myr from whole-core magnetic susceptibility measurements. Nature, 342, 897-900.Chen J., Shen S-j., Li X-h., Xu Y-g., Joachimski M.M., Bowring S.A., Erwin D.H., Yuan D-x., Chen B., Zhang H., Wang Y., Cao C-q, Zheng Q-f., Mu L., 2016. High-resolution SIMS oxygen isotope analysis on conodont apatite from South China and implications for the end-Permian mass extinction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 448, 26-38.Da Silva A-C., Boulvain F., 2002. Sedimentology, magnetic susceptibility and isotopes of a Middle Frasnian carbonate platform: Tailfer Section, Belgium. Facies, 46, 89-102.Da Silva A.-C., Boulvain F., 2005. Upper Devonian carbonate platform correlations and sea level variations recorded in magnetic susceptibility. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 240, 373-388.Dettinger M.D., Ghil M., Strong C.M., Weibel W., Yiou P., 1995. Software expedites singular-spectrum analysis of noisy time series. EOS. Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, 76, 12-21.Dinarès-Turell J., Baceta J.I., Bernaola G., Orue-Etxebarria X., Pujalte V., 2007. Closing the Mid-Palaeocene gap: Toward a complete astronomically tuned Palaeocene Epoch and Selandian and Thanetian GSSPs at Zumaia (Basque Basin, W Pyrenees). Earth Planetary Science Letters, 262, 450-467.Ellwood B.B., García-Alcalde J.L., El Hassani A., Hladil J., Soto F.M., Truyóls-Massoni M., Weddige K., Koptikova L., 2006. Stratigraphy of the Middle Devonian Boundary: Formal Definition of the Susceptibility Magnetostratotype in Germany with comparisons to Sections in the Czech Republic, Morocco and Spain. Tectonophysics, 418, 31-49.Ellwood B.B., Wang W.-H., Tomkin J.H., Ratcliffe K.T., El Hassani A., Wright A.M., 2013. Testing high resolution magnetic susceptibility and gamma gradiation methods in the Cenomanian-Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) GSSP and near-by coeval section. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 378, 75-90.Ellwood B.B., Wardlaw B.R., Nestell M.K., Nestell G.P., Luu Thi Phuong Lan, 2017. Identifying globally synchronous Permian-Triassic boundary levels in successions in China and Vietnam using Graphic Correlation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 485, 561-571.Ghil M., Allen R.M., Dettinger M.D., Ide K., Kondrashov D., Mann M.E., Robertson A., Saunders A., Tian Y., Varadi F., Yiou P., 2002. Advanced spectral methods for climatic time series. Reviews of Geophysics, 40, 3.1-3.41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000RG000092.Gradstein F.M., Ogg J.G., Smith A.G., 2004. A geologic Time Scale 2004. Cambridge University Press, England, 589p.Hartl P., Tauxe L., Herbert T., 1995. Earliest Oligocene increase in South Atlantic productivity as interpreted from “rock magnetics” at Deep Sea drilling Site 522. Paleoceanography, 10, 311-326.Imbrie J., Hays J.D., Martinson D.G., McIntyre A., Mix A.C., Morley J.J., Pisias N.G., Prell W.L., Shackleton N.J., 1984. The Orbital Theory of Pleistocene Climate: Support from a Revised Chronology of the Marine Delta 18O Record. In Berger A.L., Imbrie J., Hays J., Kukla G., Saltzman B. (Eds.), Milankovitch and Climate, Part I, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 269-305.Mead G.A., Yauxe L., LaBrecque J.L., 1986. Oligocene paleoceanography of the South Atlantic: paleoclimate implications of sediment accumulation rates and magnetic susceptibility. Paleoceanography, 1, 273-284.Salvador A., (Ed.), 1994. International Stratigraphic Guide: The International Union of Geological Sciences and The Geological Society of America, Inc., 2nd Edition, 214p.Scotese C.R., 2001. Atlas of Earth History, Volume 1, Paleogeography, PALEOMAP Project, Arlington, Texas, 52p.Scotese C.R., 2013. Map Folio 49, Permo-Triassic Boundary (251 Ma), PALEOMAP PaleoAtlas for ArcGIS, Triassic and Jurassic Paleogeographic, Paleoclimatic and Plate Tectonic Reconstructions, PALEOMAP Project, Evanston, IL, 3.Shackleton N.J., Crowhurst S.J., Weedon G.P., Laskar J., 1999. Astronomical calibration of Oligocene-Miocene time. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London, A357, 1907-1929.Shaw A.B., 1964. Time in Stratigraphy. New York, Mc Graw Hill, 365p.Shen S.-Z., Crowley J.L., Wang Y., Bowring S.A., Erwin D.H., Henderson C.M., Ramezani J., Zhang H., Shen Y.,Wang X.-D., Wang W., Mu L., Li W.-Z., Tang Y.-G., Liu X.-L., Liu X.-L., Zeng Y., Jiang Y.-F., Jin Y.-G., 2011a. High-precision geochronologic dating constrains probable causes of Earth’s largest mass extinction. Science, 334, 1367-1372. Doi:10.1126/science.1213454.Swartzendruber L.J., 1992. Properties, units and constants in magnetism. Journal of Magnetic Materials, 100, 573-575.Weedon G.P., Jenkyns H.C., Coe A.L., Hesselbo S.P., 1999. Astronomical calibration of the Jurassic time-scale from cyclostratigraphy in British mudrock formations. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London, A357, 1787-1813.Weedon G.P., Shackleton N.J., Pearson P.N., 1997. The Oligocne time scale and cyclostratigraphy on the Ceara Rise, western equatorial Atlantic. In: Schackleton N.J., Curry W.B., Richter C., and Bralower T.J. (Eds.). Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 154, 101-114.Whalen M.T., Day J.E., 2008. Magnetic Susceptibility, Biostratigraphy, and Sequence Stratigraphy: Insights into Devonian Carbonate Platform Development and Basin Infilling, Western Alberta. Papers on Phanerozoic Reef Carbonates in Honor of Wolfgang Schlager. SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) Special Publication, 89, 291-314.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation and high-resolution timing for Paleo-tethys Permian-Triassic boundary exposures in Vietnam and Slovenia using geochemical, geophysical and biostratigraphic data sets

et al. 2018

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“…Magnetic susceptibility in marine carbonate successions is a function of detrital and aeolian mineral concentration controlled by fluctuations in influx of terrestrial lithogenic (siliciclastic) material which responds both to changes in climate and continental weathering and sea level fluctuations (Ellwood et al, 2000(Ellwood et al, , 2013. Magnetic susceptibility samples were taken at intervals of approximately 0.5-1 m from the Guandao section and were measured with the susceptibility bridge at Louisiana State University, using the techniques described in Ellwood et al (2013).…”

Section: Magnetic Susceptibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetic susceptibility samples were taken at intervals of approximately 0.5-1 m from the Guandao section and were measured with the susceptibility bridge at Louisiana State University, using the techniques described in Ellwood et al (2013).…”

Section: Magnetic Susceptibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated biostratigraphy (conodonts and foraminifers) and chronostratigraphy (paleomagnetic reversals, magnetic susceptibility, elemental chemistry, carbon isotopes and geochronology) for the Permian–Upper Triassic strata of Guandao section, Nanpanjiang Basin, south China

Lehrmann

Stepchinski

Altıner

et al. 2015

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences

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a b s t r a c tThe chronostratigraphy of Guandao section has served as the foundation for numerous studies of the end-Permian extinction and biotic recovery in south China. Guandao section is continuous from the Permian-Triassic boundary to the Upper Triassic.Conodonts enable broad delineation of stage and substage boundaries and calibration of foraminifer biostratigraphy as follows. Changhsingian-Griesbachian: first Hindeodus parvus, and first appearance of foraminifers Postcladella kalhori and Earlandia sp. Griesbachian-Dienerian: first Neospathodus dieneri, and last appearance of foraminifer P. grandis. Dienerian-Smithian: first Novispathodus waageni and late Dienerian first appearance of foraminifer Hoyenella ex gr. sinensis. Smithian-Spathian: first Nv? crassatus and last appearance of foraminifers Arenovidalina n. sp. and Glomospirella cf. vulgaris. Spathian-Aegean: first Chiosella timorensis and first appearance of foraminifer Meandrospira dinarica. Aegean-Bithynian: first Nicoraella germanica and first appearance of foraminifer Pilammina densa. Bithynian-Pelsonian: after last Neogondolella regalis, prior to first Paragondolella bulgarica and first appearance of foraminifer Aulotortus eotriasicus. Pelsonian-Illyrian: first Pg. excelsa and last appearance of foraminifers Meandrospira? deformata and Pilamminella grandis. Illyrian-Fassanian: first Budurovignathus truempyi, and first appearance of foraminifers Abriolina mediterranea and Paleolituonella meridionalis. FassanianLongobardian: first Bv. mungoensis and last appearance of foraminifer A. mediterranea. Longobardian-C ordevolian: first Quadralella polygnathiformis and last appearance of foraminifers Turriglomina mesotriasica and Endotriadella wirzi.The section contains primary magnetic signature with frequent reversals occurring around the Permian-Triassic, Olenekian-Anisian, and Anisian-Ladinian boundaries. Predominantly normal polarity occurs in the lower Smithian, Bithynian, and Longobardian-Cordevolian. Predominantly reversed polarity occurs in the upper Griesbachian, Induan-Olenekian, Pelsonian and lower Illyrian. Reversals match well with the GPTS. Large amplitude carbon isotope excursions, attaining values as low as À2.9‰ d 13 C and high as +5.7‰ d 13 C, characterize the Lower Triassic and basal Anisian. Values stabilize around +2‰ d 13 C through the Anisian to Carnian. Similar signatures have been reported globally. Magnetic susceptibility and synthetic gamma ray logs show large fluctuations in the Lower Triassic and an overall decline in magnitude of fluctuation through the Middle and Upper Triassic. The largest spikes in magnetic susceptibility and gamma ray, indicating greater terrestrial lithogenic flux, correspond to positive d 13 C excursions. High precision U-Pb analysis of zircons from volcanic ash beds provide a robust age of 247.28 ± 0.12 Ma for the Olenekian-Anisian boundary at Guandao and an age of 251.985 ± 0.097 Ma for the Permian-Triassic boundary at Taiping. Together, the new U-Pb geochronology from the Guandao and Taiping sectio...

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“…Although magnetic-reversal stratigraphy and magneticsusceptibility correlations offer higher-resolution correlation (finer zonal subdivisions) than Late Triassic conodont and ammoniod biostratigraphy (cf. Hounslow and Muttoni 2010;Ellwood et al 2000Ellwood et al , 2013 there is still uncertainty on how the marine record correlates with the terrestrial NB-MPTS, which lacks biostratigraphically significant fossils (Ogg et al 2014). An alternative ''short Tuvalian'' age model for the NB-MPTS would place the entire Zhuganpo and Wayao magnetic reversal record prior to the onset of the Newark Basin MPTS, which would imply drowning near the beginning of the Carnian and deep-marine deposition spanning the Julian and basal Tuvalian substages (Yang et al in review).…”

Section: Paleomagnetic-reversal and Magnetic-susceptibility Constrainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drowning of the Triassic Yangtze Platform, South China, By Tectonic Subsidence Into Toxic Deep Waters of An Anoxic Basin

Minzoni¹,

Lehrmann²,

Dezoeten³

et al. 2015

Journal of Sedimentary Research

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The Yangtze Platform drowned and was buried by pelagic facies and siliciclastic turbidites in western Guizhou Province during the Late Triassic, Carnian. The uppermost platform facies of the Ladinian Yangliujing Fm. consists of peritidal cyclic carbonate. Ladinian margin facies of the Longtou Fm. consist of grainstone and lenses of coral-Tubiphytes algal boundstone indicating high-energy shoals and patch reefs. The drowning horizon is laterally variable; it is either a sharp surface or a gradational shift to dark, nodular-bedded lime mudstone and wackestone of the Zhuganpo Fm. The contact lacks phosphatized or glauconitized hardgrounds that would indicate drowning by excess nutrient flux. Uppermost platform carbonates have a tropical photozoan biota and lack siliciclastic content indicating neither climate cooling nor siliciclastic flux played a role in drowning. The Zhuganpo Fm. contains a dominantly pelagic biota of ammonoids, planktonic bivalves, pseudoplanktonic crinoids, conodonts, and the marine reptile Keichousaurus. Rare bioturbation and benthic biota in the lower part indicate dysoxic conditions with an upward shift to anoxic conditions. The overlying Wayao Fm. is a pyritic, laminated, black argillaceous lime mudstone that grades to black shale with an exclusively pelagic fauna and marine reptile lagerstättes indicating anoxic deep-marine sedimentation.Syndepositional faults played a significant role in the evolution of the western sector of the Yangtze Platform and controlled three local, backstepped accommodation cycles in the Zhenfeng area. Faults that developed during the last accommodation cycle tip out at the drowning horizon and include a flower structure upon which a pinnacle reef developed while the rest of the platform drowned. Lateral variability in the drowning horizon and thickness of the post-drowning pelagic facies suggest that differential tectonic subsidence caused the platform to sink into deep water along faults.Magnetic susceptibility and paleomagnetic-reversal correlations demonstrate that the western sector of the platform drowned while shallow-marine, mixed carbonate siliciclastic sedimentation continued in the eastern sector which later terminated in shallow water by increasing siliciclastic flux. Starved black shale horizons in the basin indicate recurrent bottom-water anoxia. Elevated trace-metal concentrations in the pelagic facies of the Zhuganpo and Wayao formations indicate dysoxic to anoxic conditions and enhanced preservation of organic matter. Tectonic subsidence likely submerged the western sector into deep, toxic waters of the basin, killing benthic carbonate production.Previous studies have implicated the Carnian pluvial event as a cause of drowning of the Yangtze Platform and the shift to siliciclastic turbidites of the Laishike Fm., but the Yangtze Platform drowned earlier than western Tethys platforms and siliciclastics were already rapidly infilling the basin in the Anisian and Ladinian, indicating that the events are probably unrelated. Siliciclastics of the Laish...

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Testing high resolution magnetic susceptibility and gamma radiation methods in the Cenomanian–Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) GSSP and near-by coeval section

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

Correlation and high-resolution timing for Paleo-tethys Permian-Triassic boundary exposures in Vietnam and Slovenia using geochemical, geophysical and biostratigraphic data sets

Correlation and high-resolution timing for Paleo-tethys Permian-Triassic boundary exposures in Vietnam and Slovenia using geochemical, geophysical and biostratigraphic data sets

An integrated biostratigraphy (conodonts and foraminifers) and chronostratigraphy (paleomagnetic reversals, magnetic susceptibility, elemental chemistry, carbon isotopes and geochronology) for the Permian–Upper Triassic strata of Guandao section, Nanpanjiang Basin, south China

Drowning of the Triassic Yangtze Platform, South China, By Tectonic Subsidence Into Toxic Deep Waters of An Anoxic Basin

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