Testing ogranophosphorus, organofluorine, and metal-containing compounds and solid-propellant gas-generating compositions doped with phosphorus-containing additives as effective fire suppressants

Abstract

The development and investigation of new effective and environmentally clean flame suppressants is a promising direction in fire extinguishing. Organophosphorus and metal-containing compounds are the most promising candidates for the replacement of CF 3 Br. However, for many of these compounds, data on their minimum extinguishing concentration are not available. In the present work, the minimum extinguishing concentrations for a number of new phosphorus-and metal-containing compounds and some of their mixtures, solid-propellant gas-generating compositions containing phosphorus additives were determined using the cup-burner technique and a setup with a turbulent flame source and transient application of flame suppressants.

Chemical Transformations in Inhibited Flames over Range of Stoichiometry

“…At present time a number of kinetic models for flame inhibition and promotion by OPCs are available. The last and the most justified version of the mechanism, which was developed on the basis of experimental results on speed of TMP-doped C 3 H 8 /air flames and quantummechanical calculations Jayaweera et al, 2005) was used for predicting many experimental data including flame suppression (Shmakov et al, 2006), chemical structure of diffusive counterflow and premixed hydrocarbon/air flames doped with OPCs. In spite of a satisfactory prediction of speed and structure of lean and stoichiometric flames, the mechanism predicted concentration profiles of labile species in rich flames with lower accuracy .…”

“…Shmakov et al (Shmakov et al, 2006) applied the cup-burner technique to study a number of recently synthesized organophosphorus compounds and inorganic and organic potassium salts (K 3 PO 4 , KOOCH 3 , KOOCCOOK, and K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]). Aqueous solutions of the examined salts were fed through a nebulizer to the heated air flow in the same way as was done for OPCs.…”

Suppression of hydrocarbon flames by organophosphorus compounds and their based mixtures

“…Methyl iodide (CH 3 I) was used as an iodine-containing additive. These compounds were chosen because they have the lowest boiling points among the previously investigated phosphates and phosphites [4,17] and phosphazenes [20]. Their boiling points and MECs are given in Table 1.…”

“…Previously, it has been shown by the example of CF 3 H that the components of mixtures of OPCs with hydrofluorinated carbons act additively (the Le Chatelier rule is satisfied) [17]. It has been established that in mixtures of OPCs with salts of alkali metals (for example, potassium oxalate K 2 C 2 O 4 · H 2 O), the components mutually reduce their effectiveness (antagonistic effect) [17].…”

“…It has been established that in mixtures of OPCs with salts of alkali metals (for example, potassium oxalate K 2 C 2 O 4 · H 2 O), the components mutually reduce their effectiveness (antagonistic effect) [17]. The mutual reduction in the effectiveness of salts of alcali metals and fluorocarbons is likely due to the formation of metal salts (fluorides) in the flame, which are stable and deactivate the potassium-containing fire suppressant.…”