Testing

Autonomous Schools, Achievement, and Segregation

“…This is an improvement over previous studies on international differences in education outcomes, which have included country and year fixed effects but which have not been able to account for country-specific changes that could be correlated with the outcome and the treatment (e.g. Brunello & Rocco 2013, Hanushek et al 2013, Bergbauer et al 2021.…”

Early Childcare Duration and Students' Later Outcomes in Europe

“…We use panel data from PISA with student-level data on 𝑇𝑇, 𝐹𝐹, and 𝑆𝑆. We implement a fixed effects estimation approach, similar to Hanushek, et al (2013) and Bergbauer, et al (2021). Country fixed effects 𝜇𝜇 𝑖𝑖 account for country-specific time-invarying factors, such as the state of social and economic institutions, or families' attitudes to children's education.…”

Cómo apoyar y cómo abandonar a los profesores en la batalla por el éxito educativo. La experiencia de Portugal entre 1995 y 2020

“…Sabe-se também que a avaliação formativa tem um impacto altamente positivo no progresso dos alunos (Wiliam, 2018) e que a avaliação externa ajuda o sistema educativo de um país a progredir (Bergbauer et al, 2021). A história da educação em Portugal nem sempre esteve em consonância com estes princípios.…”