Testing the association between blood type and COVID-19 infection, intubation, and death

Zietz, Michael; Zucker, Jason; Tatonetti, Nicholas P.

doi:10.1101/2020.04.08.20058073

Cited by 232 publications

(314 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…With this in mind, even though the collected knowledge is still limited to few studies, some susceptibility markers other than HLA have been proposed for Covid-19. An association with ABO blood antigens has been observed in a cohort of Chinese patients, with the type A and 0 being respectively at highest and lowest risk to be infected, as previously been reported for other viral infections [36,37]. Genetic polymorphisms of key genes of the virus entry machinery (Ace2, Tmprss2, CtsB, and CtsL) or of the in ammatory/immune response (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Correlation of the two most frequent HLA haplotypes in the Italian population to the differential regional incidence of Covid-19

Pisanti

Deelen

Gallina

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Understanding how HLA polymorphisms may affect both susceptibility, course and severity of Covid-19 infection could help both at the clinical level to identify individuals at higher risk from the disease and at the epidemiological one to explain the differences in the epidemic trend among countries or even within a specific country. Covid-19 disease in Italy showed a peculiar geographical distribution from the northern most affected regions to the southern ones only slightly touched. Methods: In this study we analysed the regional frequencies for the most common Italian haplotypes from the Italian Bone Marrow Donor Registry (HLA-A, -B, -C and -DRB1 at four-digit level). Then we performed Pearson correlation analyses among regional haplotypes estimated frequency in the population and Covid-19 incidence and mortality.Results: In this study we found that the two most frequent HLA haplotypes in the Italian population, HLA-A*:01:01g-B*08:01g-C*07:01g-DRB1*03:01g and HLA-A*02.01g-B*18.01g-C*07.01g-DRB1*11.04g, had a regional distribution overlapping that of Covid-19 and showed respectively a positive (suggestive of susceptibility) and negative (suggestive of protection) significant correlation with both Covid-19 incidence and mortality. Conclusions: Based on these results, in order to define such HLA polymorphisms as a factor effectively associated to the disease susceptibility, the creation of national networks that can collect patients’ samples from all regions for HLA typing should be highly encouraged.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Correlation of the two most frequent HLA haplotypes in the Italian population to the differential regional incidence of Covid-19

Pisanti

Deelen

Gallina

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Preliminary reports suggest a link between ABO blood groups and susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. 1 - 3 Specifically, individuals with blood group O have been reported to be less susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Similar associations were observed with SARS-CoV-1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of ABO blood group with indices of disease severity and multiorgan dysfunction in COVID-19

et al. 2020

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Studies on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) suggest a protective effect of anti-A antibodies against viral cell entry that may hold relevance for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether ABO blood groups are associated with different severities of COVID-19. We conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis and nested prospective observational substudy of critically ill patients with COVID-19. We collected data pertaining to age, sex, comorbidities, dates of symptom onset, hospital admission, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), standard laboratory parameters, and serum inflammatory cytokines. National (N = 398 671; P = .38) and provincial (n = 62 246; P = .60) ABO blood group distributions did not differ from our cohort (n = 95). A higher proportion of COVID-19 patients with blood group A or AB required mechanical ventilation (P = .02) and CRRT (P = .004) and had a longer ICU stay (P = .03) compared with patients with blood group O or B. Blood group A or AB also had an increased probability of requiring mechanical ventilation and CRRT after adjusting for age, sex, and presence of ≥1 comorbidity. Inflammatory cytokines did not differ between patients with blood group A or AB (n = 11) vs O or B (n = 14; P > .10 for all cytokines). Collectively, our data indicate that critically ill COVID-19 patients with blood group A or AB are at increased risk for requiring mechanical ventilation, CRRT, and prolonged ICU admission compared with patients with blood group O or B. Further work is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms.

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“…On the other side, GWAS on severe COVID-19 has revealed the relationship between ABO blood group locus and COVID-19 [12]. It has been found a higher risk in blood group A than in other blood group and a protective effect in blood group O, which was coincident with the results of observational investigations based on phenotype [31,32]. In general, we inferred that the different susceptibility of COVID-19 in speci c blood group may be partly explained by the TC levels in diverse ABO blood group (Fig.…”

Section: Gene-based Analysesmentioning

confidence: 60%

Causally Associations of Blood Lipids Levels with COVID-19 Risk: Mendelian Randomization Study

Zhang

Guo

Wang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). It has been found that coronary artery disease (CAD) is a comorbid condition for COVID-19. As the risk factors of CAD, whether blood lipids levels are causally related to increasing susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 is still unknown.ObjectiveWe aim to measure the causal effects between blood lipids and COVID-19 using two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) methods.MethodsWe performed two-sample MR analyses to explore whether dyslipidemia, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were causally related to COVID-19 risk and severity. The GWAS summary data of blood lipids involving in 312571 individuals and dyslipidemia in a total of 53991 individuals were used as exposures, respectively. Two COVID-19 GWASs including 1221 infected patients and 1610 severe patients defined as respiratory failure were employed as outcomes. ResultsThe MR results showed that dyslipidemia was casually associated with the susceptibility of COVID-19 and induced 27% higher odds for COVID-19 infection (MR-IVW OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.49, p-value = 3·18 × 10-3). For blood lipids, the increasing level of TC will raise 18 % higher odds for the susceptibility of COVID-19 (MR-IVW OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.31, p-value = 3.08 × 10-3). Based on MR estimates, we further carried out gene-based analysis and found that ABO gene was associated with TC.Conclusions Dyslipidemia is casually associated with the susceptibility of COVID-19 and the blood TC level is a risk factor for the susceptibility of COVID-19. In addition, the different susceptibility of COVID-19 in specific blood group may be partly explained by the TC concentration in diverse ABO blood groups.

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Testing the association between blood type and COVID-19 infection, intubation, and death

Cited by 232 publications

References 66 publications

Correlation of the two most frequent HLA haplotypes in the Italian population to the differential regional incidence of Covid-19

Correlation of the two most frequent HLA haplotypes in the Italian population to the differential regional incidence of Covid-19

The association of ABO blood group with indices of disease severity and multiorgan dysfunction in COVID-19

Causally Associations of Blood Lipids Levels with COVID-19 Risk: Mendelian Randomization Study

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