Testing the QGSJET01 and QGSJETII-04 models with the help of atmospheric muons

Abstract

Abstract. More accurate original calculations of the atmospheric vertical muon energy spectra at energies 10 2 − 10 5 GeV have been carried out in terms of the QGSJET01 and QGSJETII-04 models. The GaisserHonda approximations of the measured energy spectra of primary protons, helium and nitrogen nuclei have been used. The CORSIKA package has been used to simulate cascades in the standard atmosphere induced by different primary particles with various fixed energies E. Statistics of simulated cascades for secondary particles with energies (0.01 − 1) · E was increased up to 10 6 . It has been shown that predictions of the QGSJET01 and QGSJETII-04 models for these muon fluxes are below the data of the classical experiments L3 + Cosmic, MACRO and LVD by factors of ∼ 1.7-2 at energies above 10 2 GeV. It has been concluded that these tested models underestimate the production of the most energetic secondary particles, namely, π -mesons and K -mesons, in interactions of primary protons and other primary nuclei with nuclei in the atmosphere by the same factors.

Testing of almost all the hadronic interaction models by comparing calculated muon energy spectrum with data

“…The main conclusion is quite clear. All considered models demonstrate the valuable deficit of muons [39][40][41][42][43].…”