Testing the virulence of some Hungarian Erwinia amylovora strains on in vitro cultured apple rootstocks

Hevesi, M.; Papp, J.; Jámbor-Benczúr, E.; Csizmár, K. Kaszáné; Pozsgai, I.; Gazdag, Gy.; Balla, István

doi:10.31421/ijhs/6/4/223

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Although all studied strains caused typical symptoms on immature fruits, there were slight differences in necrosis intensity. Different degrees of virulence of E. amylovora strains in the same plant genotype have been also reported by other authors (Hevesi et al, 2000;Sholberg et al, 2001;Pulawska et al, 2006). Pathogenicity of bacteria is generally determined by their capacity for biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides, which is the main component of bacterial exudate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Characterization and population diversity of Erwinia amylovora strains originating from pome fruits in Serbia

et al. 2018

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The diversity of 30 Erwinia amylovora strains, isolated from quince, pear and apple trees on 14 localities in Serbia, was studied using bacteriological and molecular methods. In pathogenicity tests, all strains caused necrosis and oozing of bacterial exudate on inoculated immature pear, cherry and plum fruits, and induced hypersensitive reaction in tobacco leaves. The studied strains were Gram and oxidase negative, non-fluorescent, levan and catalase positive and facultatively anaerobic. The strains did not reduce nitrates, but utilized citrate and produced acid from sorbitol, hydrolyzed gelatine, produced reducing substances from sucrose and grew in the presence of 5% NaCl, but not at 36ºC. Identity of the strains was confirmed by conventional and nested PCR methods. Rep-PCR with REP, ERIC and BOX primers resulted in amplification of several DNA fragments respectively, but showed no variation within the strains. However, different genetic profiles were obtained with RAPD-PCR by using six primers which enabled differentiation of the strains into four groups. Genetic differences between the studied strains did not correlate with the host plants, geographical origin or year of isolation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Characterization and population diversity of Erwinia amylovora strains originating from pome fruits in Serbia

et al. 2018

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“…The apples were then covered with wetted plastic bags for 2 days at 25 °C. After 7, 10, and 14 days, the presence of fire blight symptoms was evaluated using a disease index based on the modified scale of Hevesi et al (2000). The scale ranges from 0 to 5: 0, no leaf symptom; 1, blackening spot on 1 leaf; 2, blackening spot on 2 or 3 leaves; 3, blackening spot on 4 or 5 leaves or browning from the shoot; 4, blackening spot on more than 5 leaves or halfway from the leaf vein; and 5, blackening spot on all leaves or bacterial exudate appearing on the plant.…”

Section: Apple Fire Blightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of a multifunctional biocontrol agent Streptomyces sp. JCK-8055 for the management of apple fire blight

Nguyen,

Park,

Van Le

et al. 2024

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Apple fire blight, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is a devastating disease of apple and pear trees. Biological control methods have attracted much attention from researchers to manage plant diseases as they are eco-friendly and viable alternatives to synthetic pesticides. Herein, we isolated Streptomyces sp. JCK-8055 from the root of pepper and investigated its mechanisms of action against E. amylovora. Streptomyces sp. JCK-8055 produced aureothricin and thiolutin, which antagonistically affect E. amylovora. JCK-8055 and its two active metabolites have a broad-spectrum in vitro activity against various phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi. They also effectively suppressed tomato bacterial wilt and apple fire blight in in vivo experiments. Interestingly, JCK-8055 colonizes roots as a tomato seed coating and induces apple leaf shedding at the abscission zone, ultimately halting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Additionally, JCK-8055 can produce the plant growth regulation hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and hydrolytic enzymes, including protease, gelatinase, and cellulase. JCK-8055 treatment also triggered the expression of salicylate (SA) and jasmonate (JA) signaling pathway marker genes, such as PR1, PR2, and PR3. Overall, our findings demonstrate that Streptomyces sp. JCK-8055 can control a wide range of plant diseases, particularly apple fire blight, through a combination of mechanisms such as antibiosis and induced resistance, highlighting its excellent potential as a biocontrol agent. Key points• JCK-8055 produces the systemic antimicrobial metabolites, aureothricin, and thiolutin.• JCK-8055 treatment upregulates PR gene expression in apple plants against E. amylovora.• JCK-8055 controls plant diseases with antibiotics and induced resistance.

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“…In addition, it could be utilized to produce virus free rootstocks by in vitro thermotherapy-, cryotherapy-, and/or chemotherapy-based techniques used for virus eradication [ 19 , 20 ]. In vitro tissue culture of apple can be utilized to screen the biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in apple rootstocks and scions [ 21 , 22 ]. It is also useful in cryopreservation of germplasm or genetic materials and production of synthetic seeds [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-Topolin as an Effective Benzyladenine Derivative to Improve the Multiplication Rate and Quality of In Vitro Axillary Shoots of Húsvéti Rozmaring Apple Scion

Abdalla,

Dobránszki

2024

Plants

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In vitro mass propagation of apple plants plays an important role in the rapid multiplication of genetically uniform, disease-free scions and rootstocks with desired traits. Successful micropropagation of apple using axillary shoot cultures is influenced by several factors, the most critical of which is the cytokinin included in the culture medium. The impact of medium composition from single added cytokinins on shoot proliferation of apple scion Húsvéti rozmaring cultured on agar-agar gelled Murashige and Skoog medium fortified with indole butyric acid and gibberellic acid was investigated. The optimum concentration for efficient shoot multiplication differs according to the type of cytokinin. The highest significant multiplication rate (5.40 shoots/explant) was achieved using 2.0 μM thidiazuron while the longest shoots (1.80 cm) were observed on the medium containing benzyladenine at a concentration of 2.0 μM. However, application of either thidiazuron or benzyladenine as cytokinin source in the medium resulted in shoots of low quality, such as stunted and thickened shoots with small leaves. In the case of benzyladenine riboside, the 8 μM concentration was the most effective in increasing the multiplication rate (4.76 shoots/explant) but caused thickened stem development with tiny leaves. In the present study, meta-topolin was shown to be the most effective cytokinin that could be applied to induce sufficient multiplication (3.28 shoots/explant) and high-quality shoots along with shoot lengths of 1.46 cm when it was applied at concentrations of 4 μM. However, kinetin was the least active cytokinin; it practically did not induce the development of new shoots. The superior cytokinin for in vitro axillary shoot development of apple scion Húsvéti rozmaring with high-quality shoots was the meta-topolin, but it may be different depending on the variety/genotype under study.

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Testing the virulence of some Hungarian Erwinia amylovora strains on in vitro cultured apple rootstocks

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization and population diversity of Erwinia amylovora strains originating from pome fruits in Serbia

Characterization and population diversity of Erwinia amylovora strains originating from pome fruits in Serbia

Exploration of a multifunctional biocontrol agent Streptomyces sp. JCK-8055 for the management of apple fire blight

Meta-Topolin as an Effective Benzyladenine Derivative to Improve the Multiplication Rate and Quality of In Vitro Axillary Shoots of Húsvéti Rozmaring Apple Scion

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