Testosterone, estradiol, DHEA and cortisol in relation to anxiety and depression scores in adolescents

Chronister, Briana N.C.; Gonzalez, Ernest A.; López-Paredes, Dolores; Suárez-Torres, José; Gahagan, Sheila; Martinez, Danilo; Barros, Janeth; Jacobs, David R.; Checkoway, Harvey; Suárez-López, José R.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.026

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…As significant differences were found between sexes in concentrations of estradiol, testosterone, and cortisol, males and females were analyzed separately (following Chronister et al., 2021). Individuals also changed learning group over time, so developmental stage was analyzed separately.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sex hormone dysregulation is associated with mood disorders, with potential differences between males and females. For example, in males, elevated estradiol (i.e., in the 90th percentile) has been associated with increased odds of depression and anxiety (adolescent humans: Chronister et al., 2021; young adult humans: Stanikova et al., 2018), whereas in females, increased estradiol has been associated with the reduced severity of depression (rats: Carrier et al., 2015; perimenopausal women: Schmidt et al., 2000). A U‐shaped association has been found between testosterone concentration and depression in females (adult humans: Rohr, 2002), and testosterone replacement therapy can improve depression and anxiety ratings in androgen‐deficient men, suggesting that levels may return to normal in this population (review: McHenry et al., 2014; humans: Wang et al., 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive development from infancy to young adulthood in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus): Effect of age, sex, and hormones on learning and affective state

Ash,

Goy,

Spaulding

et al. 2023

Developmental Psychobiology

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Studies looking at individual variability in cognition have increased in recent years. We followed 43 marmosets (21 males, 22 females) from infancy to young adulthood. At 3‐months old, marmosets were trained to touch a rewarded stimulus. At 9‐, 15‐, and 21‐months old, they were given visual discrimination and cognitive bias tests, and urine samples were collected to examine hormone levels. Marmosets were significantly more successful learners at 15 months than 9 months. Individuals who were more successful learners at 9 months were also more successful at 15 months, with more male learners than expected at 15 months. At 9 months, learning success was associated with higher cortisol levels. At 15 months, males with higher estradiol levels were more successful learners, whereas at 21 months, females with higher estradiol and cortisol levels tended to be less successful learners and more pessimistic. Nine months, therefore, appears to be an important developmental timepoint for acquiring cognitive control, which has developed by 15 months. Steroids may have differential effects on each sex, with complex interactions between gonadal and adrenal hormones having an influence on cognitive function over the lifespan. This longitudinal study offers new insight into cognition, including its development and biological underpinnings.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive development from infancy to young adulthood in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus): Effect of age, sex, and hormones on learning and affective state

Ash,

Goy,

Spaulding

et al. 2023

Developmental Psychobiology

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show abstract

“…Cortisol is released in the body under stress ( Haj-Yahia et al, 2020 ), and is therefore a stress biomarker ( Benfield et al, 2014 ). Higher anxiety results in higher stress, thereby resulting in higher cortisol levels in the body ( Chojnowska et al, 2021 ; Chronister et al, 2021 ). According to Miller et al (2019) , during labor without any intervention, more intense contractions lead to a more stressful birth, with higher cortisol levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lite touch on the anxiety of low-risk pregnant women in the latent phase of childbirth: a randomized controlled trial

Yang,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionWomen with perinatal anxiety have reduced coping capacity during labor, which affects labor progress and increases the likelihood of a cesarean section. Several non-pharmacological interventions for anxiety during childbirth are available. This study used the “lite touch” method, a non-pharmacological intervention based on physiological responses and obstetric clinical experience in women. We aimed to evaluate whether lite touch could relieve perinatal anxiety and investigate the effect of light skin stroking on the maternal hormones, catecholamine, and cortisol.MethodsThis randomized clinical trial involved women with low-risk singleton pregnancies at full term or near term. Eligible pregnant women who were latent and did not undergo epidural anesthesia were randomized into two groups. Participants in the intervention group underwent routine prenatal care, including lite touch, whereas the control group underwent routine prenatal care alone. Demographic data were collected through a questionnaire. Labor anxiety was assessed using the State Anxiety Inventory, and saliva was collected before and after the intervention. Changes in saliva cortisol and catecholamine levels were analyzed using a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsIn total, 83 participants were included, with 43 and 40 in the intervention and control groups, respectively. In the intervention group, pre-intervention anxiety scores were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than post-intervention anxiety scores, whereas the control group showed no difference in anxiety scores before and after intervention (p > 0.05). Cortisol and catecholamine levels in saliva were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group after the intervention (p < 0.01).DiscussionLite touch can reduce the latent anxiety state of low-risk pregnant women, thereby maintaining in vivo stability and facilitating labor.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/aboutEN.html, ChiCTR2300070905, Retrospectively Registered Date: April 26, 2023.

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“…Although transgender and gender non‐conforming youth were not included in this study, future research should focus on understanding hormonal milieusin these youth and their links to cognition, especially for those who are given gender‐affirming treatment (which often includes pubertal suppression medicine; Chen et al, 2020; Costa et al, 2016), but also given societal inequities related to the care and protection of these youth (Frost et al, 2019). Finally, it would be interesting to examine how hormone profiles predict a variety of other outcomes that have been associated with hormone exposure such as mental health (Balzer et al, 2015; Chronister et al, 2021; Mulligan et al, 2020), reward processing (de Macks et al, 2016; Ladouceur et al, 2019; Poon et al, 2019) and peer relationships (Duell et al, 2021; Forbes & Dahl, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring profiles of hormone exposure: Associations with cognition in a population‐based cohort of early adolescents

Chaku

Barry

2023

Infant and Child Development

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During adolescence, increases in pubertal hormones lead to reproductive maturity as well as changes in cognitive development. Yet, little is known about how to best characterize interindividual differences in hormone concentrations. The goal of the current study was to examine the antecedents and consequences of membership in empirically derived hormone profiles. Data were drawn from 10,816 youth (48.1% female, Mage = 9.91, SDage = 0.63) in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Latent profile analysis (LPA) stratified by sex was used to derive hormone profiles using basal testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and estradiol (girls only). Eight profiles (four female profiles and four male profiles) were identified. They primarily represented differences in hormone levels (e.g., low hormonal milieus vs. high hormonal milieus), but also reflected discordance (e.g., high estradiol versus. high testosterone). There were limited sociodemographic differences, particularly after correcting for multiple comparisons, but youth with higher hormone milieus exhibited better inhibitory control, visuospatial processing and decision‐making skills even after adjusting for age, pubertal status and demographic data. Thus, youth‐centered approaches that focus on patterns of individual characteristics suggest that hormonal markers may provide unique information about associations between biological and cognitive development.Highlights Latent profile analysis was used to derive constellations of testosterone, DHEA and estradiol (girls only) in a population sample of early adolescents. Hormonal milieus were indexed by four female and four male profiles, varying primarily in hormone levels (i.e., low, average or high hormonal milieus), but also exhibiting some discordance (i.e., high DHEA, high testosterone, or high estradiol). Higher pubertal status was typically associated with higher hormone levels, but pubertal status did not always differentiate between profiles that exhibited discordance. In general, youth in profiles with higher hormone levels had better inhibitory control, visuospatial processing and decision‐making skills 2 years later compared to those in profiles with lower hormone levels.

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Testosterone, estradiol, DHEA and cortisol in relation to anxiety and depression scores in adolescents

Cited by 28 publications

References 46 publications

Cognitive development from infancy to young adulthood in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus): Effect of age, sex, and hormones on learning and affective state

Cognitive development from infancy to young adulthood in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus): Effect of age, sex, and hormones on learning and affective state

Effect of lite touch on the anxiety of low-risk pregnant women in the latent phase of childbirth: a randomized controlled trial

Exploring profiles of hormone exposure: Associations with cognition in a population‐based cohort of early adolescents

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