Testosterone Is High among Young Black Men with Little Education

Mazur, Allan

doi:10.3389/fsoc.2016.00001

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Previous research has shown that individuals send prestige signals via affectively positive, luxury “status symbols” to communicate high income and high socioeconomic class when competing for potential mates or guarding their mates (Griskevicius et al, 2009; Sundie et al, 2011; Wang & Griskevicius, 2014). In contrast, the current research identifies a new repellant, avoidance‐based mechanism that individuals use when under a competitive motivation (unrelated to luxury or prestige) to communicate dominance but not high income or socioeconomic class (and perhaps even signal low socioeconomic class; see Mazur, 2016), a mechanism that we share with primates and mammals in ethological history.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…However, the insight is that conditioning with negative concepts should lead to positive evaluative responses toward the brand only when the participants are in a cognitive state of competition, whether the state is induced in that particular moment through priming (Experiments 1–4 in this study), or because these participants are chronically in a state of competition (e.g., High IC males, Buunk & Fisher, 2009). Inner city African Americans, for example, are hypothesized to be in a chronic state of competition (Mazur, 2016). Finally, our findings contribute to the literatures on the psychology of mating strategies, social psychology in general, consumer behavior, and the conspicuous consumption of prestige goods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The findings have marketing implications with regard to targeting specific consumer segments. For example, negative brands are most likely to be successful when they are targeted at demographic or psychographic segments that are chronically in a cognitive mode for IC (e.g., teenage males, athletic apparel consumers, “jocks,” consumers of combat sports related apparel, rockers, and countries with high male‐to‐female ratio; young African Americans as suggested by Mazur, 2016). Hence, it is probably not a coincidence that brands such as Affliction™, Mildew™, Urban Decay™, Depression™, Garbage™, and Gash™ use both words and visual imagery that are negatively valenced, are most successful with the inner city, teenage, and young adult consumer segments as they elicit avoidance from rivals while they navigate their environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Affect‐based nonconscious signaling: When do consumers prefer negative branding?

King

Auschaitrakul

2020

Psychology and Marketing

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When do consumers prefer negative branding, and why? One pilot study and four experiments, including an Implicit Association Test measuring nonconscious associations between negative words and dominance, converge on the conclusion that male consumers induced into same‐sex competition send energy‐efficient dominance signals to elicit fear and avoidance from competitors and maintain access over territory or resources. As a result of this competitive state, male consumers show a preference for negatively valenced words that can signal threat to rivals and elicit behavioral avoidance (“negative branding”). The preference for negative branding disappears under four conditions: (a) When dominance signaling is not needed because rivals are not physically dominant (smaller and weaker), (b) When visual associations show that the negative brand is no longer a dominance signal, (c) When male consumers are induced to think about masculinity but not dominance, or (d) When the male consumer has a low individual difference desire for intrasexual competition. Together, our findings contribute to the marketing literature by introducing a novel type of signaling (“dominance signaling”) that is distinct from prestige signaling and the conspicuous consumption of luxury goods. Dominance signaling and its influence on consumer product branding (“dominance goods”), as well as implications for evaluative conditioning, are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Affect‐based nonconscious signaling: When do consumers prefer negative branding?

King

Auschaitrakul

2020

Psychology and Marketing

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“…Similarly, former President of the ASA Massey (2002, p. 1) called for a deeper examination of "the biological foundations upon which our behavior ultimately rests." Withholding some notable exceptions (e.g., van den Berghe, 1975van den Berghe, , 1990Ellis, 1977Ellis, , 1995Ellis, , 1996Lopreato and Crippen, 1999;Horne, 2004;Hopcroft, 2005Hopcroft, , 2016aHuber, 2007;Turner et al, 2015;Hopcroft and Martin, 2016;Marshall, 2016;Mazur, 2016;Niedenzu et al, 2016;Walsh and Yun, 2016;Aunger, 2017;Daly and Perry, 2017;Montagu, 2017), we echo Lizardo and Massey's concern that the discipline has remained steadfast in its rejection of biological explanatory factors (see Ellis, 1995;Lizardo, 2014;Walsh and Yun, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Synthesizing Proximate and Distal Levels of Explanation: Toward an Evolution-Informed Sociology

Williams

Montgomery²

2018

Front. Sociol.

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In this paper, we argue that despite the growing acceptance of psychological research by mainstream sociologists, the discipline of sociology remains largely averse to biology. This is because the kind of psychological research that sociologists now utilize tends to rely on the same assumptions of thought, action, and human behavior-broadly construed-that sociologists have on the whole tacitly endorsed since Durkheim's seminal criticism of Kantian categories in The Elementary Forms of Religious Life: Namely, that fundamental categories of perception, though naturally experienced, are socially constructed. This assumption is present in both psychological work on schemas and the dual-process model, which continue to be incorporated into sociological analysis at a growing pace. We further demonstrate how sociologists' overall positive reception of this kind of psychological research was facilitated by two factors: the rejection of biological explanations of human behavior and the tacit commitment to social causes by many sociologists in the field throughout the twentieth century. We demonstrate how synthesizing biological research with sociological research can extend existing sociological work by focusing on the study of parenting and crime and deviance. In these subfields, we believe sociologists can gain better understanding of their topics by moving from relatively proximate concerns to more distal ones. We conclude by asserting that seeing individuals' decision-making styles and capacities as a product of both evolved and social processes can lead to the development of more robust and yet parsimonious models of action in the discipline. Doing so need not make sociologists blindly endorse evolutionary approaches to human behavior, but start our theories with a view to both long and short history.

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