Testosterone supplementation and the gender divide

Donovitz, Gary S

doi:10.1002/nau.24622

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A woman of reproductive age produces three to four times as much testosterone as estrogen every day from her ovaries (Yang et al, 2010). But these androgen levels decrease with age, about in the mid-30s onward, with no clear significant rise in the speed of decrease at menopause due to the ova continuing to produce hormones (Donovitz, 2021). Testosterone is present in blood either unbound (free) or bound with albumin proteins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of the Mentha spicata leaves in reducing testosterone levels and aggressive behaviour in female Wistar albino rats treated with testosterone propionate

Taha,

Abdul-Hadi Chabuk,

Hassan

2024

JANS

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High testosterone hormone levels play an important role in exhibiting aggressive behaviour and several disorders in female rodents and women. The present study aimed to determine the protective role of the alcoholic extract of Mentha spicata leaves (MSL) in the reduction of the level of testosterone and aggressive behaviour of female rats that suffer from high levels of testosterone. A total of 30 female Wistar albino rats were divided into 6 Groups. Group 1: Control rats received sesame oil(0.5 ml). Group 2: Rats injected with testosterone propionate (TP) alone. Group 3: Rats received MSL alone (100 mg/kg) orally. Groups 4, 5, and 6: Rats received TP + MSL, 6mg/rat of TP followed by 200, 400, and 600 mg/rat, respectively) for 60 days. The testosterone, dopamine, and aggressive behaviour were measured using specialized ELISA test kits. The results showed that testosterone and dopamine levels in the serum had a significant decrease (P<0.05) (4.82 (ng/ml) in testosterone and 272.83 (pg/ml) in dopamine) in animals treated with MSL only compared to Group 2, which found a significant rise (p<0.05) (16.52 (ng/ml) in testosterone and 607.59 (pg/ml) in dopamine) in the levels of testosterone and dopamine. The results exhibited a significant rise (P<0.05) in the aggressive behaviour in Group 2 of rats compared to the control and other Groups. In comparison, aggressive behaviour was significantly decreased (P<0.05) (7.40 (ng/ml) in testosterone and 263.49 (ng/ml) in dopamine) in Groups 2, 4, 5, and 6. Thus, the study revealed the protective role of the alcoholic extract of MSL in reducing levels of testosterone and aggressive behaviour in female rats suffering from higher levels of testosterone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of the Mentha spicata leaves in reducing testosterone levels and aggressive behaviour in female Wistar albino rats treated with testosterone propionate

Taha,

Abdul-Hadi Chabuk,

Hassan

2024

JANS

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“…There are in fact a number of evidence-based medical solutions. [5][6][7][8] Unfortunately, however, there is also a significant gender bias in the treatment of menopausal women, and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the medical community, and supporting medical organizations have turned a dismissive patronizing blind eye to these women.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gender Bias in Medicine: “How Women Continue to Get the Shaft When It Comes to Testosterone Therapies”

DeRosa¹

2021

Androgens: Clinical Research and Therapeutics

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Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Relation With Cardiovascular Disease in Cisgender Women and Transgender People

Lopez,

Mulla,

El Haddad

et al. 2023

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

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Aims This study aimed to investigate the association of testosterone replacement therapy (TTh) with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD-specific outcomes, in cisgender women and transgender population, and to determine whether this association varies by menopausal status. Methods In 25,796 cisgender women and 1,580 transgender people (≥ 30 yrs old), who were enrolled in the Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (2007-2021), we identified 6288 pre- and post-menopausal cisgender women and 262 transgender people diagnosed with incident composite of CVD (coronary artery disease [CAD], congestive heart failure [CHF], stroke, myocardial infarction). Pre-diagnostic prescription of TTh was ascertained for this analysis. Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the independent association of TTh with incident CVD. Results We found a 24% increased risk of CVD (HR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.34), 26% risk of CAD (HR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.39) and a 29% risk of stroke (HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.45) after comparing cisgender women who used TTh with non-users. Stratification by age group showed similar effects of TTh on CVD, CAD and stroke. Among transgender people, TTh did not increase the risk of composite CVD, including by age stratification. Conclusion Use of TTh increased the risk of CVD, CAD and stroke among is cisgender women, but not among transgender people. TTh is becoming more widely accepted in women, and it is the main medical treatment for transgender males. Therefore, use of TTh should be further investigated for the prevention of CVD.

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Testosterone supplementation and the gender divide

Abstract: Testosterone supplementation has proven benefits for women but unfortunately, to date, no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved product is available; while 31 different preparations of testosterone are FDA approved for men.

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Effectiveness of the Mentha spicata leaves in reducing testosterone levels and aggressive behaviour in female Wistar albino rats treated with testosterone propionate

Effectiveness of the Mentha spicata leaves in reducing testosterone levels and aggressive behaviour in female Wistar albino rats treated with testosterone propionate

Gender Bias in Medicine: “How Women Continue to Get the Shaft When It Comes to Testosterone Therapies”

Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Relation With Cardiovascular Disease in Cisgender Women and Transgender People

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