Tests and Finite Element Modelling of Cold-Formed Steel Zed and Hat Section Columns Under Axial Compression

Ananthi, G. Beulah Gnana; Roy, Krishanu; Lim, James B.P.

doi:10.1007/s13296-021-00504-y

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections are becoming popular for low-to medium-rise construction due to their lower cost and lighter weight [1][2][3]. In the construction industry, sustainable materials are in high demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Cold-Formed Steel Beams with Diagonal Rebars for Earthquake-Resistant Buildings

et al. 2023

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The construction industry is on the lookout for cost-effective structural members that are also environmentally friendly. Built-up cold-formed steel (CFS) sections with minimal thickness can be used to make beams at a lower cost. Plate buckling in CFS beams with thin webs can be avoided by using thick webs, adding stiffeners, or strengthening the web with diagonal rebars. When CFS beams are designed to carry heavy loads, their depth logically increases, resulting in an increase in building floor height. The experimental and numerical investigation of CFS composite beams reinforced with diagonal web rebars is presented in this paper. A total of twelve built-up CFS beams were used for testing, with the first six designed without web encasement and the remaining six designed with web encasement. The first six were constructed with diagonal rebars in the shear and flexure zones, while the other two with diagonal rebars in the shear zone, and the last two without diagonal rebars. The next set of six beams was constructed in the same manner, but with a concrete encasement of the web, and all the beams were then tested. Fly ash, a pozzolanic waste byproduct of thermal power plants, was used as a 40% replacement for cement in making the test specimens. CFS beam failure characteristics, load–deflection behavior, ductility, load–strain relationship, moment–curvature relationship, and lateral stiffness were all investigated. The results of the experimental tests and the nonlinear finite element analysis performed in ANSYS software were found to be in good agreement. It was discovered that CFS beams with fly ash concrete encased webs have twice the moment resisting capacity of plain CFS beams, resulting in a reduction in building floor height. The results also confirmed that the composite CFS beams have high ductility, making them a reliable choice for earthquake-resistant structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Cold-Formed Steel Beams with Diagonal Rebars for Earthquake-Resistant Buildings

et al. 2023

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“…Besides, the presence of opening enables the ease of installation of ductwork, piping and other systems. Generally, the zed and hat sections failing are deformed in distortional mode (Ananthi et al , 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The analysis of web opening configuration on cold-formed steel hat purlin under torsion behaviour

Jin

De’nan

Choong

et al. 2023

WJE

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Purpose Cold-formed steel has been used extensively as secondary elements such as purlins and girts in building frames. Purlin is critical to the structure of the roof because it supports the weight of the roof deck and aids to make the entire roof structure more rigid. Furthermore, cold-formed steel purlin is a replacement for wood purlin because steel purlins are light weight and more economical. Hence, the purpose of this study to investigate the effect of opening due to torsion behaviour. Design/methodology/approach This analysis used cold-formed steel hat purlin with and without openings (WOs) under different opening shape, location and spacing by using finite element LUSAS software. Findings The finite element results showed that purlin with openings had higher angle of rotation than section WO, with a percentage difference of not more than 6%. When the opening was located at mid-span, the angle of rotation reduced. Angle of rotation increased when the opening spacing increased. Number of openings also affected the torsional behaviour of the purlin. Five opening shapes, which were circle, diamond, C-hexagon, square and elongated circle, were studied. Among all the shapes, purlin with diamond opening was more resistance to torsion. Originality/value The use of cold-formed steel section with web openings (rectangular or circular) is a practical solution when it is required to pass service ducts through the structural member. However, the presence of opening gives minor effect on the structural behaviour of cold-formed steel hat purlin.

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“…Studies on the cold-formed steel stud, which is the main component of an LSF wall, indicate that channel section cold-formed steel has excellent environmental performance [11,12], and its good formability makes it possible to improve the bearing capacity by optimizing the section [13]. As a result, the channel section cold-formed steel stud can exhibit excellent mechanical properties in bending [14,15] and compression [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Therefore, it is of great advantage to use the channel section cold-formed light-gauge steel studs as the main load-bearing members of the prefabricated composite wall panel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Prefabricated Cold-Formed Steel Stud Wall Panels Sheathed with Fireproof Phenolic Boards under Out-of-Plane Loading

et al. 2022

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In this paper, new prefabricated cold-formed light-gauge steel stud wall panels sheathed with fireproof phenolic boards, which are fabricated by connecting the steel studs and the boards by using structural silicone sealant, was proposed. The proposed prefabricated wall has a good fireproof performance and can be manufactured rapidly in a factory. Full-scale tests on the mechanical properties of the prefabricated wall system, consisting of the prefabricated wall and the connection between the wall and the surrounding steel structure under out-of-plane loading, were performed. A total of six specimens were tested considering the effects of the arrangement of the cold-formed light-gauge steel studs, the shape and thickness of the steel connector for jointing the prefabricated wall panel and the surrounding steel structure, and the number of self-tapping screws connecting the surrounding structure. The results show that the out-of-plane stiffness of the prefabricated wall system in the elastic stress state under out-of-plane loading can be increased by increasing the number of self-tapping screws, increasing the thickness of the steel connector, or adopting the symmetrical arrangement of the light-gauge steel studs. The out-of-plane stiffness of the prefabricated wall system and the stiffness contribution of a single special-shaped steel connector can both be increased by increasing the number of special-shaped steel connectors. Furthermore, the special-shaped steel connector is more beneficial to a greater out-of-plane stiffness than the L-shaped steel connector. In addition, the theoretical calculation methods for deflection of the proposed prefabricated wall and flexural stress of the CFS C-channel stud considering the fireproof phenolic board sheathing effect under elastic state were proposed. The predicted results using the proposed method are compared with test results and the predicted results by using other methods. It was found that the predicted results by using the proposed method agreed better with the test results compared with the predicted results using the transformed-section method or the reduced stiffness method, which demonstrates the acceptability and accuracy of the proposed mothed for calculating deflection of the proposed prefabricated wall and flexural stress of the CFS C-channel stud.

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Tests and Finite Element Modelling of Cold-Formed Steel Zed and Hat Section Columns Under Axial Compression

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Composite Cold-Formed Steel Beams with Diagonal Rebars for Earthquake-Resistant Buildings

Composite Cold-Formed Steel Beams with Diagonal Rebars for Earthquake-Resistant Buildings

The analysis of web opening configuration on cold-formed steel hat purlin under torsion behaviour

Mechanical Properties of Prefabricated Cold-Formed Steel Stud Wall Panels Sheathed with Fireproof Phenolic Boards under Out-of-Plane Loading

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