Tests d'exploration de la qualité nucléaire du spermatozoïde : relations avec la fertilité et la qualité du conceptus

Guérin, J. F.; Benchaïb, Mehdi

doi:10.1016/j.gyobfe.2004.07.008

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…From the pioneering works of Evenson and co-workers (Evenson et al 1978(Evenson et al , 1980a(Evenson et al , 1980b, it is widely accepted that an increased DFI correlates with a negative impact on male fertility (reviewed in Evenson 2016). More specifically, in humans and other species a correlation between DFI and the outcome of natural or artificial fertilisation has been reported (Bochenek et al 2001;Guérin and Benchaïb 2004;Miciński et al 2009;Jurewicz et al 2015;Gupta et al 2021). Spermatozoa of Pxt1 −/− mice demonstrate an increased DFI, particularly a highly increased proportion of spermatozoa with high red fluorescence value (termed DFI high).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased DNA strand breaks in spermatozoa of Pxt1 knockout mice

Pawlicka

Duliban

Zieba

et al. 2023

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Context The Pxt1 gene encodes a male germ cell–specific protein and its overexpression results in male germ cell degeneration and male infertility in transgenic mice. Aims The analysis of the function of Pxt1 during mouse spermatogenesis. Methods The phenotype of Pxt1 knockout mice was characterised by testicular histology, assessment of semen parameters including sperm motility, and DNA fragmentation by flow cytometry. Gene expression was analysed using RT-PCR. Fertility of mutants was checked by standard breeding and competition breeding tests. Key results In Pxt1−/− mice, a strong increase in the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was observed, while other sperm parameters were comparable to those of control animals. Despite enhanced DFI, mutants were fertile and able to mate in competition with wild type males. Conclusions Pxt1 induces cell death; thus, the higher sperm DFI of mice with targeted deletion of Pxt1 suggests some function for this gene in the elimination of male germ cells with chromatin damage. Implications Ablation of mouse Pxt1 results in enhanced DFI. In humans, the homologous PXT1 gene shares 74% similarity with the mouse gene; thus, it can be considered a candidate for mutation screening in patients with increased DFI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased DNA strand breaks in spermatozoa of Pxt1 knockout mice

Pawlicka

Duliban

Zieba

et al. 2023

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Improved Comet assay for the assessment of UV genotoxicity in Mediterranean sea urchin eggs

Nahon

Charles

Pruski

2008

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Gametes and embryos of broadcast spawners are exposed to a wide range of chemical and physical stressors which may alone, or in conjunction, have serious consequences on reproductive outcomes. In this study, two Mediterranean echinoid species, Paracentrotus lividus and Sphaerechinus granularis, were chosen as models to study the genotoxicity of UV radiation (UVR) on the eggs of broadcast-spawning marine invertebrates. The single cell gel electrophoresis, or Comet assay, was successfully adapted to assess DNA strand breakage in sea urchin eggs. The results demonstrated that the genetic material of sea urchin eggs is susceptible to environmentally realistic UV exposure. The induction of DNA damage in the irradiated unfertilized eggs suggests that the previously described defense mechanisms in sea urchin eggs do not completely protect the egg's DNA against UV toxicity. Taken together, our results suggest that UV-impairment of the genetic integrity of the eggs might have a role in postfertilization failures and abnormal embryonic development. Although both species were vulnerable to UVR, embryonic development was less dramatically impaired in P.Lividus. This observation supports the postulation that species inhabiting shallower environments possess more efficient mechanisms to overcome UV-induced DNA alterations. The present demonstration of the utility and sensitivity of the Comet assay to evaluate DNA integrity in eggs from marine invertebrates opens new perspectives for monitoring the long-term effects of environmental exposure on populations and for the routine screening of substances for genotoxicity in marine systems.

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