Tests of explosion venting of buildings

Howard, Walter B.; Karabinis, A. H.

doi:10.1002/prsb.720010113

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Work by Howard and Karabinis [30] indicates that the enclosure is assumed to respond as if the peak deflagration pressure, P red , is applied as a static load, provided a degree of permanent deformation (but not a catastrophic failure) can be accepted.…”

Section: 31mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The text and figures in Section 9.5 refer to tests carried out on metal-faced panels [30]. Alternate methods for other types of panels necessitate careful engineering design, and testing of a complete assembly is recommended.…”

Section: Large-area Panelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some venting models use the surface area of the enclosure as a basis for determining vent area. Analysis of available data [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] shows that such methods overcome certain deficiencies associated with previous methods of calculating vent area. Figure 8.…”

Section: A622mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uncertainty of the Estimates of Explosion Hazard on the Example of Textile Manufactures

Kolesnikov¹

2017

OSI

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Section: 31mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Large-area Panelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uncertainty of the Estimates of Explosion Hazard on the Example of Textile Manufactures

Kolesnikov¹

2017

OSI

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“…A number of compressor houses and other buildings have been destroyed or seriously damaged, and the occupants killed, when leaks of flammable gas or vapor have exploded [13][14][15][16][17][18]. Most of the incidents described occurred some years ago; however, a recent explosion is described by MacDiarmid and North (1989) [It? ].…”

Section: Explosions In Compressor Housesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The unforeseen side‐effects of improving the environment

Kletz

1993

Process Safety Progress

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Changes made to improve the environment have sometimes produced unforeseen and hazardous side-effects. Thus enclosing compressor houses to reduce noise has made explosions more likely, the replacement of CFCs in aerosols has led to a number of fires in plants and warehouses and the confinement of flammable vapors in vent collection systems has caused a number of explosions. These and some other similar changes are described. Before changing designs or methods of operation we should try to foresee their effects and we should balance the risks to people against the risks to the environment. The cost to provide system safety is a legitimate cost of achieving emission reduction that probably has not been considered sufficiently by environmental regulators, but which should be inthe future.-F . T. Bodurtha, Du Pont, 1976 [ I ]The way in which environmental controls are devised and applied is a matter of concern to the [UK] Health and Safety Executive. They must ensure compatibility with the way risks to employees from

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“…If a flammable gas–air mixture equal to only 1–2% of the enclosure volume were ignited, the building would suffer substantial explosion damage if it did not have adequate explosion venting. This is because most buildings would suffer appreciable structural damage from an internal pressure even less than 7 kPa [1]. In many situations, including “mild” fire‐related deflagrations such as backdraft and flashover, an efficiency of venting can be affected by inertia of construction elements (windows, doors, walls, relief panels, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vented gaseous deflagrations with inertial vent covers: State‐of‐the‐art and progress

Molkov

Grigorash

Eber

et al. 2004

Process Safety Progress

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Previous studies on vented gaseous deflagrations with inertial vent covers and related regulatory aspects are examined. The model of turbulent deflagration dynamics, built on energy and mass conservation principles, is developed further to take into account the influence of vent cover inertia. An engineering formula for conservative estimation of the upper limit of vent cover inertia is presented. Similarity analysis has shown that the scaling relationship between the surface density of the cover, w, and the turbulence factor, , is w 3 ϭ const, indicating a significant interrelationship between vent cover inertia and venting-generated turbulence. Results confirm that turbulence gradually increases after vent opening begins, so that it is possible to increase vent cover inertia significantly. It is demonstrated that instead of widely accepted surface density limits of about 10 kg/m 2 , values of one/two orders higher, depending on the conditions, could be used for explosion protection with 100% efficiency for largescale enclosures.

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Tests of explosion venting of buildings

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Uncertainty of the Estimates of Explosion Hazard on the Example of Textile Manufactures

Uncertainty of the Estimates of Explosion Hazard on the Example of Textile Manufactures

The unforeseen side‐effects of improving the environment

Vented gaseous deflagrations with inertial vent covers: State‐of‐the‐art and progress

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