Tests of quantum chromodynamics and a direct measurement of the strong coupling constant αs at √s=30 GeV

Barber, D. P.; Becker, U.; Benda, H.; Boehm, Alexandria B.; Branson, J. G.; Bron, J.; Buikman, D.; Burger, J. D.; Chang, C. C.; Chen, H.S.; Chen, Min; Cheng, C. P.; Chu, Y. J.; Clare, R.; Duinker, P.; Fang, G. Y.; Fesefeldt, H.; Fong, D. G.; Fukushima, M.; Guo, J.; Hariri, A.; Herten, G.; Ho, M. C.; Hsu, H. K.; Hsu, T. T.; Kadel, R. W.; Krenz, W.; Li, J.; Li, Q.Z.; Lu, M.; Luckey, D.; Ma, Chu; Ma, Dongli; Massaro, G.; Matsuda, Takeshi; Newman, H. B.; Pohl, M.; Poschmann, F. P.; Revol, J.-P.; Rohde, M.; Rykaczewski, H.; Sinram, K.; Tang, H. W.; Tang, L.; Ting, Samuel C.C.; Tung, K. L.; Vannucci, F.; Wang, X.R.; Wei, P. S. P.; White, M. J.; Wu, Guo-Hong; Wu, T.; Xi, Jin; Yang, P. C.; Yu, Xuechao; Zhang, N.L.; Zhu, R. Y.

doi:10.1016/0370-2693(79)90092-3

Cited by 63 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This was somewhat misleading: the angles between the jets in three-jet events are continuously distributed, therefore summing up the angular energy flows of different events does not show the true jet shapes. Monte Carlo simulation of phase space-like events was said to produce a similar three-lobed pattern (not shown in the paper) and so would two-jet events, as pointed out by the authors in a later paper [149].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

On the discovery of the gluon

Söding

2010

EPJ H

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Quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong interaction, is a field theory of quarks and gluons. When it was formulated, the existence of its basic ingredients was still unproven and controversial. While for the quarks the case had been settled by 1975, it remained open for the gluons until in 1979 experiments at the electron-positron collider PETRA at DESY in Hamburg led to a breakthrough. Peculiar final configurations of hadrons produced in the electron-positron annihilation process at high energies, so-called planar events and three-jet events, were discovered. In a close cooperation between experiment and theory they were unambiguously identified as signatures of the radiation of hard gluons by quarks ("hard gluon bremsstrahlung"), providing the first clear and direct observational evidence for the existence of the gluon and confirming crucial predictions of quantum chromodynamics. 1 The sphericity tensor is the inertia tensor of classical mechanics with coordinate vectors replaced by momentum vectors and was suggested by Bjorken and Brodsky [28] as a measure of the shape of a multiparticle state in momentum space, and thereby of its "jettiness". 2 The term "gluon" was introduced by Gell-Mann originally to designate a hypothetical neutral vector field coupled strongly to the baryon current, without reference to color [31].

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

On the discovery of the gluon

Söding

2010

EPJ H

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“…Event shape observables have been used to study QCD and measure α S [118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132]. There have been several observables developed to quantify the degree to which a collider event is isotropic versus jetlike, including thrust [118,133,134], sphericity [135,136], spherocity [137], and the C-and D-parameters [138,139,140].…”

Section: Phenomenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory, phenomenology, and experimental avenues for dark showers: a Snowmass 2021 report

Albouy,

Barron,

Beauchesne

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In this work, we consider the case of a strongly coupled dark/hidden sector, which extends the Standard Model (SM) by adding an additional non-Abelian gauge group. These extensions generally contain matter fields, much like the SM quarks, and gauge fields similar to the SM gluons. We focus on the exploration of such sectors where the dark particles are produced at the LHC through a portal and undergo rapid hadronization within the dark sector before decaying back, at least in part and potentially with sizeable lifetimes, to SM particles, giving a range of possibly spectacular signatures such as emerging or semi-visible jets. Other, non-QCD-like scenarios leading to soft unclustered energy patterns or glueballs are also discussed. After a review of the theory, existing benchmarks and constraints, this work addresses how to build consistent benchmarks from the underlying physical parameters and present new developments for the pythia Hidden Valley module, along with jet substructure studies. Finally, a series of improved search strategies is presented in order to pave the way for a better exploration of the dark showers at the LHC.6 Summary and Perspectives 90 7 Acknowledgements 92 * The spin-0 states also include the flavor-singlet η v , which, as discussed in Eq. 15, can be relatively heavy. However there is no way to take this into account for separateFlav=off.† Although the spin-1 states include the flavor-singlet ωv, analogous to the spin-0 η v , it is expected to be close in mass to the other spin-1 states, as noted in sec. 4.1.1.

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“…is the set of all back-to-back massless two-particle events. 4 This remarkable definition of thrust in terms of the EMD motivates our choice of spherical ground measure for this paper.…”

Section: Jhep08(2020)084mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Event shape observables have long provided useful insights into the structure of the SM and the underlying dynamics of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Although…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A robust measure of event isotropy at colliders

Cesarotti

Thaler

2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We introduce a new event shape observable — event isotropy — that quantifies how close the radiation pattern of a collider event is to a uniform distribution. This observable is based on a normalized version of the energy mover’s distance, which is the minimum “work” needed to rearrange one radiation pattern into another of equal energy. We investigate the utility of event isotropy both at electron-positron colliders, where events are compared to a perfectly spherical radiation pattern, as well as at proton-proton colliders, where the natural comparison is to either cylindrical or ring-like patterns. Compared to traditional event shape observables like sphericity and thrust, event isotropy exhibits a larger dynamic range for high-multiplicity events. This enables event isotropy to not only distinguish between dijet and multijet processes but also separate uniform N-body phase space configurations for different values of N. As a key application of this new observable, we study its performance to characterize strongly-coupled new physics scenarios with isotropic collider signatures.

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Tests of quantum chromodynamics and a direct measurement of the strong coupling constant αs at √s=30 GeV

Cited by 63 publications

References 23 publications

On the discovery of the gluon

On the discovery of the gluon

Theory, phenomenology, and experimental avenues for dark showers: a Snowmass 2021 report

A robust measure of event isotropy at colliders

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