Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination Status of Women in Baghdad

Abstract

Background: Immunization remains one of the paramount public health interventions and a cost effective method to reduce both the ailment and death associated with infectious diseases. Uptake of vaccination is dependent not only on providing of the vaccination services but also on other influences including awareness and practice of women. Objectives: To assess tetanus toxoid immunization status of mother’s. In addition, to address the factors influencing their immunization status. Method: Cross sectional study conducted in ten primary health care centers in Baghdad for the period from February until the end of October 2020. Convenient sample of mothers, who had delivered a live baby within the previous 12 months from the study and attended the selected primary health care centers in Baghdad were recruited. An interview questionnaire used to collect data regarding history of tetanus toxoid vaccine up take of the mothers during their last pregnancy. Results: The total number of mothers enrolled in the study was 400, 214(53.5%) of them were received tetanus toxoid vaccine (TTV) during their last pregnancy. 127(59.3%) of the mothers were uptake two doses of TTV. Among the study group, 31.75% of mothers were considered as immunized according to WHO classification. Age of mother, education, and respondents’ working status; alongside with antenatal care attendance and place of delivery all had insignificant impact on the immunization status. Lack of time was the main reason for not vaccination (22.6%). Conclusion: Tetanus toxoid immunization coverage was inadequate. For that reason, immunization campaigns targeting enhanced utilization of immunization services by mothers and women of childbearing age are highly recommended.

Prevalence and correlates of tetanus toxoid uptake among women in sub-Saharan Africa: Multilevel analysis of demographic and health survey data

“…Our study found that women who read newspapers or magazines and those who listened to radio were more likely to receive adequate tetanus toxoid vaccination compared to those who did not. This finding is congruent with previous studies that noted the influence of mass media on women’s uptake of tetanus toxoid uptake [ 25 , 42 , 50 – 52 ]. Women who were exposed to mass media, except for watching television might have received information on the benefits of tetanus toxoid vaccine, which could have subsequently influenced their decision to take the vaccine [ 53 ].…”

“…This finding corroborates with previous studies that found higher likelihood of tetanus toxoid vaccination uptake among women who were employed or working [ 17 , 40 , 41 ]. The financial earnings of working women could have empowered them with the purchasing power to afford transportation to the facility and cost of health services in situations where the services were not entirely free or not covered by health insurance [ 26 , 40 , 42 – 45 ].…”

Determinants of Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination Use among Pregnant Women

“…[12,22,23] Furthermore, joint health decision of pregnant women with their husbands, the decision maker related to health issues, distance from health facilities, and fear of side effects are determinants impact vaccination utilization. [25] Obstetrics' history of the pregnant women as (gravidity, age at childbearing, parity, mode of previous delivery, duration of current pregnancy, time of the initial antenatal visit, place of antenatal care, number of antenatal visits, reasons for antenatal visits and the decision maker related to health issues) can also be determinants for tetanus toxoid vaccination use. [26] Knowledge about tetanus and tetanus toxoid vaccination is a crucial determinant of tetanus toxoid vaccination use among pregnant women.…”

Tetanus Toxoid Injection During Last Pregnancy Among Women in Reproductive Age in Nepal

“…In addition, maternal immunization with TT-containing vaccines is a cornerstone in preventing both maternal and neonatal tetanus (Islam et al, 2022). It is crucial for pregnant women to receive the TT vaccine to ensure immunity against tetanus for both themselves and their newborns (Shaikh, 2022;Jamil et al, 2022).…”