Tetracarpidium conophorum seed extract reduces intestinal absorption, and increases cellular trapping of glucose

Abstract

Background Tetracarpidium conophorum is one of the numerous folklore medicinal plants for managing diabetes but the mode of action and bioactive compounds responsible for the antihyperglycemic property are missing in literatures. This study aimed at investigating the possible modes of its antihyperglycemic action using both in-vitro and ex-vivo methods. Powdered Tetracarpidium conophorum seed (TECOSE) was extracted with methanol using standard extraction procedure. Gas chromatography- Mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis of the extract, and its effects on tissue glucose uptake, α-amylase, α-glucosidase and glucokinase enzymes were assessed using standard laboratory procedures. Results Seven heterocyclic compounds were identified by GCMS of which one is structurally related to sulphonylurea. TECOSE strongly inhibited α-glucosidase (IC50 = 1.90 mg/ml) but partially inhibited α-amylase (IC50 = 7.20 mg/ml) activities. Also, glucokinase activity and tissue glucose uptakes were significantly (p < 0.05) increased by TECOSE. Conclusions The results obtained deduced that antihyperglycemic action of TECOSE could be due to modulation of postprandial hyperglycaemia through inhibition of intestinal α-glucosidase, increasing glucokinase activity, improving peripheral glucose uptake by mimicking sulfonylurea action.

"Effects of Tetracarpiduim Conophorum (African Walnut) on Haemostasis and Body Weight of Swiss Wistar Rats"

“…The result recorded for the basal collection were of low values as compared to after lectin administration particularly for weight a while the increase after lectin administration had no much effect on PT and PTTK respectively. Weight increased significantly during the study and this agreed with the studies conducted in the past [23,24]. This growth could be due to cellular trapping of glucose [25] no wonder in a study [26].…”

Bioactive metabolites of Streptomyces misakiensis display broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria and fungi

“…Although literature on thiocarbamic acid, N,N -dimethyl, S-1,3-diphenyl-2-butenyl ester has not yet been found, it is known that urea-based chemicals are carbarmic acid derivatives ( Serban, 2019 ). Thiocarbamic acid, N,N -dimethyl, S-1,3-diphenyl-2-butenyl ester shares structural similarities with the widely prescribed anti-diabetic medication sulfonylurea ( Ajilore et al., 2021 ). One of the metabolites contained in the extracts of Nicotiana tabacum leaves is tetradecamethyl cycloheptasilloxane that has antimicrobial potential ( Bamigboye et al., 2021 ).…”

Acute and Prolonged Effects of a Polyherbal Formulation on Blood Glucose, Lipid Profile and Liver Function in Normal and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

“…The EcSdTc mixture at both doses and glibenclamide significantly improved these parameters in the liver of treated diabetic rats. Studies have shown that aqueous extracts of Ec, Sd and Tc administrated individually improve oxidative stress parameters in diabetic rats[10] [12] [13][30] [31] [38] [88]; Ajiloré et al(2020) [66] also reported the protective effect of T. conophorum seeds methanolic extract against the hyperglycemiainduced liver oxidative damage. These antioxidant effects of EcSdTc mixture could be attributed to plants polyphenolic (Flavonoids, tannins and phenols), alkaloids, terpenoids compounds and vitamins as ascorbic acid, which are likely to scavenge free radicals generated by STZ and protect cell membranes against the oxidative stress deleterious effects and consequently improve the liver function as suggested[29] [44][88].…”